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MO means Main Objective, TF means Thematic Focus, HD is overall historical development.What is a Lateen Sail?
When encountering questions regarding technological innovations from 1450-1750, it is imperative to ___
know how and why cultural exchanges between different regions and cultures led to the spread of technology which in turn increased and benefitted the efficiency of trade. (MO)
Throughout history, innovation and adaptation helped benefit people of that time period, and from 1450-1750, ___
maritime innovations were influential, as they led to European maritime exploration which kickstarted the colonial age. (TF)
Knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from the Classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds spread, ___
facilitating European technological developments and innovation. (HD)
What is a Lateen Sail?
A triangular sail mounted at an angle to the mast, allowing ships to tack against the wind and greatly improving maneuverability in diverse sailing conditions. Originated in the Mediteranean.
What is a Compass?
A navigational tool using a magnetized needle to indicate direction, enabling sailors to determine their bearings even in poor visibility or open seas. Originated in China.
What is an Astrolabe?
An astronomical instrument used to calculate the position of celestial bodies, primarily for determining latitude, or the distance of a place from the equator. Originated in Greece and was improved upon by Muslim scholars.
How did the adoption of the lateen sail lead to European technological developments?
The introduction of the lateen sail to Europe eventually led to the creation of hybrid vessels like the caravel, which combined square sails and lateen sails.
How did the adoption of the compass lead to european technological developments?
The compass allowed for the creation of more accurate maps as sailors could now record precise bearings for coastlines and sea routes, spurring advancements in geography. The compass provided a reliable method for determining direction, enabling sailors to undertake longer voyages across open seas, prompting the need for better navigational charts and instruments.
How did the adoption of the astrolabe lead to european technological developments?
The adoption of the astrolabe led to higher precision in determining latitude and contributed to the creation of more accurate maps and nautical charts, advancing cartography and geographic knowledge and inspired the development of more advanced tools.
The developments facilitated by cross-cultural interactions included ___
the production of new tools, innovations in ship designs, and an improved understanding of regional wind and currents patternsâall of which made transoceanic travel and trade possible. (HD)
What is a Caravel?
A small, maneuverable ship with lateen sails, used for exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries.
What is a Fluyt?
A Dutch-designed cargo ship with a narrow, deep hull, designed specifically for cargo capacity, and not for warfare, unlike many other ships of the period, allowing it to carry larger amounts of goods relative to its size and crew.
What is a Carrack?
A large, ocean-going ship with both square and lateen sails, used for long voyages and trade during the Age of Exploration.
How did use of the caravel benefit Spanish and Portuguese trade and travel?
The caravel's design allowed explorers like Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama to navigate uncharted waters, facilitating the discovery of new trade routes and territories.
How did use of the Fluyt benefit Dutch trade and travel?
The Fluytâs cost-effective design increased the amount of goods transported and reduced labor costs, giving dutch merchants a significant advantage in the rates at which they could transfer goods.
How did use of the Carrack benefit Spanish and Portuguese trade and travel?
The Carrackâs larger size allowed it to transport substantial cargo,
The carrack was versatile enough to be used for both trade and exploration.
The carrack was built to withstand the harsh conditions of the open sea.
Which is why Carracks like the the Santa MarĂa were used during the Age of Exploration, facilitating the opening of transoceanic routes, allowing European powers to connect with new continents.
What is the reasoning process "Causation" in the context of technological innovations from 1450-1750?
It examines the cause-and-effect relationship of technological innovations, focusing on how they contributed to empire expansion and the effects they had on trade, travel, and cultural exchanges.
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