Influenza A1 (H1N1; Spanish Flu)

A collection of flashcards covering key concepts and definitions related to Influenza A1 (H1N1) and the Spanish Flu.

Influenza A1 (H1N1)

A virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, first identified in 1918, linked to avian influenza.

Pandemic

A global outbreak of a disease, such as the Spanish Flu which occurred from 1918 to 1920 in three waves.

Hemagglutinin (H)

A surface protein of the Influenza virus that helps the virus attach to host cells.

Neuraminidase (N)

A surface protein of the Influenza virus that assists in the release of new virions from infected cells.

Mode of Transmission

The primary ways the virus spreads: respiratory droplets, aerosol transmission in crowded spaces, direct contact, and contaminated surfaces.

Portal of Entry

The primary method by which the virus enters the body, mainly through the respiratory tract.

Major symptoms of the disease

Fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, pneumonia; severe cases can lead to lung inflammation and respiratory failure.

Treatment during 1918

No antiviral drugs were available; treatment included supportive care, oxygen therapy, and hydration.

Prevention measures used in 1918

Public health strategies including masks, quarantine, isolation, limiting gatherings, and improved hygiene.

Impacts of the Spanish Flu

Estimated 500 million infections and 40–50 million deaths, leading to healthcare system strain and changes in public health policy.

Duration of the pandemic

Lasted about 2 years (1918–1920) and evolved into seasonal influenza strains still in circulation today.