Urban World - Urban change in the UK

Why did many UK cities grow - leading to a rise in the secondary sector and rural-urban migration

The Industrial Revolution

What type of mines in the UK are mostly in the midlands and north?

Coal mines

The British Empire meant that the UK needed many ____ for trade, so most of the UK’s cities are located on the coast/ on rivers

Ports

Where is Bristol located?

South-West England

Bristol grew due to its important secondary sector and its role in world _____

Trade

After colonialism by the British Empire, many people in former colonies ________ to Bristol

Migrated

Bristol’s importance today is largely due to the ___ revenues the government earned from its economy used for investment in the city

Tax

What has attracted many highly skilled students and businesses to the city?

Universities

Bristol has a valuable ________ sector - due to landmarks such as the Clifton suspension bridge and events like St Paul’s Carnival

Tourism

In 1900, what were Bristol’s main economic activities?

International trade and manufacturing

Bristol has experienced ___________ change; its population has become younger and more ethnically diverse

Demographic

Bristol’s relationship with the __ has led to migration from, for example, Poland and Germany

EU

Many if the UK cities grew due to their proximity to coal mines, which became important during the __________ __________

Industrial Revolution

Where is the largest migrant group in Bristol from?

Poland

One benefit of ethnic _______________ is the sharing of cultural traditions, such as through St. Paul’s Carnival in Bristol

Diversification

If migrants struggle to integrate with the local society, there is a risk of social _______, caused by language barriers and even racism

Tension

Urbanisation

The increasing % of people living in urban areas

What is the movement of people from countryside to city called?

Rural-Urban Migration

_____ ______ is a large shopping centre built in Bristol to meet demand for retail

Cabot Circus

______ ____ is a football stadium built for the Bristol City football team

Ashton Gate

Every year, the ___________ Festival attracts more than 300k attendees to listen to music, eat out and party in Bristol’s centre

Harbourside

Technology companies like HP and Uber have set up in Bristol due to the productive __________

Workforce

Bristol’s old port has been replaced by the ____________ shopping, entertainment and cultural centre

Harbourside

Due to the British _______, many people have migrated to the UK for the common language and employment opportunities

Empire

The _______ ____________ ______ is a military organisation based in North Bristol, largely due to the high-skilled workforce

Defence Procurement Agency

_______ is a large airplane manufacturer based in North Bristol. It is the 2nd largest in the world

Airbus

14 out of 15 largest _________ companies have offices in Bristol

Aerospace

The ________ industry is important in Bristol: Aardman Animations an BBC Studios produce films here

Creative

The abundance of high-tech companies and skilled people attracts money and business, called Foreign ___________, to Bristol

Investment

The growth of companies in the tertiary and quaternary sectors in Bristol has led to a __________ effect where other companies have formed to support

Multiplier

Bristol’s bus rapid transit service, called ________, reduced urban air pollution

Metrobus

More than 125 businesses in Bristol are ______ _______, which means they release no CO2 emissions overall

Carbon Neutral

Throughout Bristol, roads have been converted to parks and trees planted. This is called _____ ________

Urban Greening

In 2015, Bristol became the European ______ _______, a sign of its efforts to improve its environment

Green Capital

The computer company, __, has a large research facility next to the UWE (University of West of England) in Bristol

HP

A ________ area or place is one that is run-down and / or abandoned

Derelict

In Bristol, urban ______ has happened due to population growth and inner city decline in the 20th century

Sprawl

Bristol’s volume of ______ has grown to about 500,000 tons per year in 2012

Waste

About ___ people die per year in Bristol from air pollution due to vehicles

200

A problem with inner city decline is the rise in crime and unemployment, which reduces __________ by businesses

Investment

Harry ______ is an example of a village in the rural-urban fringe of Bristol

Stoke

A _________ site is one that is derelict and within a city

Brownfield

Bristol’s _____ ____ is a ring of natural ecosystems that restrict urban growth

Green belt

__% of new homes in Bristol since 2010 have been built on brownfield sites

94%

The regeneration of Stokes _____ has led to a reduction in urban dereliction, crime and unemployment

Croft

Bristol’s __________ ________ ______ has facilitated easier journeys by public transport and bikes throughout the city, reducing car demand

Integrated transport system

There are more than 75 miles of dedicated ____ lanes in Bristol

Bike

Investment in brownfield housing slows house _____ rises, making the centre more affordable

Price

The _________ waste-to-energy facility in Bristol provides electricity for 25k homes

Avonmouth

In _____ ______, more than 90% of students receive A*-C grades at GCSE

Stoke Bishop

In Filwood, life expectancy is 5 years lower than affluent neighbourhoods, at __ years

78

__% of Bristol’s waste is recycled. Another 50% is converted into energy

25%

About __% of Filwood’s families are considered low-income

50%

The main cause of urban inequality in the UK’s cities was the decline of manufacturing and ports, called __-______________

De-industrialisation

About ____ homes are planned to be constructed in Harry Stoke, North Bristol

3200

The regeneration of brownfield sites like Stokes Croft will lead to reduces _____ ______ from cars as people live nearer to their jobs

Urban sprawl

Urban _____________ is the improvement of a derelict / polluted area of a city

Regeneration

Bristol’s ______ _____ is an important economic area as the main train station is there

Temple Quater

Bristol’s main train station is called ______ _____

Temple Meads

The _______ theatre is an important cultural feature of Bristol and it is within an old tobacco factory

Tobacco

Migration to Bristol is responsible for __% of its population growth

50%

Bristol’s Temple Quarter regeneration project will construct more than ____ new, mostly affordable homes to attract residents

7000

The ______ ____ is an office building in Temple Quarter designed from an old train repair warehouse. It houses more than 150 quaternary sector companies

Engine Shed

_____ _____ is a sustainable office building in Temple Quarter that recycles wastewater, is energy efficient and has many large businesses within

Glass Wharf

Bristol’s Temple Quarter project aims to reduce air pollution by connecting the area to Bristol’s ________, a BRT transport system

Metrobus

Only about _% of Bristol’s waste goes to landfill today

8%

_____________ means providing for people today without preventing those in future being able to meet their needs

Sustainability

__% of recyclable waste is recycled in Freiburg

90%

Freiburg produces __% less waste than the average German City

25%

Freiburg has employed more than 13k people in _____ technology manufacturing and research

Solar

Freiburg encourages people to take public transport and install solar power by offering ___________, such as season tickets to football

Incentives

By involving people in planning, Freiburg has made housing affordable and provided jobs, thereby reducing __________

Inequality

One important feature of Bristol’s Temple Quarter regeneration is the Bristol University ____________ ______, a new research and teaching building

Enterprise campus

Bristol Temple Quarter is a former __________ area that is now largely derelict

Industrial

________ is a highly deprived area in the south of Bristol

Filwood

Stoke ______ is an affluent suburb in the north of Bristol

Bishop

Filwood has the lowest participation in active ______ and poor access to fruit and vegetables for a healthy diet

Sports

In Filwood, there have been over _____ crimes

1300

In Filwood, a _____ of people aged 16-24 are unemployed

Third

In Stoke Bishop, there have been less than ___ crimes

300

In Stoke Bishop _% of people are unemployed

3%

_______ Reach is a 2-hectare brownfield site near the CBD - high density multipurpose development (400 apartments)

Finzels

By 2026, _____ new homes are planned on brownfield sites

30,000

Cabot Circus is a £___ million redeveloped town centre which opened in September 2008

£500

Bristol plans to increase the number of jobs in low-carbon industries from 9000 to ______ by 2030

17,000