Psychological Assessment Boards Review

c) After considering his supervisor's and co-psychometrician's comments, he should conduct a cognitive interview and form target participants to ensure that potential participants understand each item.

Jhaymar, a psychometrician at a university, was instructed to create a local career interest test that will apply to their students from grades 10 to year of college (from junior high school to college). However, his supervisor also instructed him to create a test that would measure not just the career interest but also the student's personality. In addition, his supervisor requested a Filipino version if it will apply for interviewing the literature. It was found that there was an correlation between 16 PF and the theory of RIASEC (for career interest). Given this information, the test developer Jhaymar provides test items per career interest factor method to test personality factor. Aside that in this phase, he only provided the English version first. He let his supervisor and co-psychometricians review the items and validate them. After reviewing the items, Jhaymar revised them based on the comments given. Using this situation, what should be recommended to Jhaymar?

a) The first step Jhaymar should take is to create the Filipino version of the scale. Once the Filipino version of the scale is provided, Jhaymar should find a grammarian to review it to see if the translation process is appropriate.

b) Once revised based on his supervisor's and co-psychometrician's comments, for the content and scoring system, to ensure that the scores will be appropriate before pilot testing.

c) After considering his supervisor's and co-psychometrician's comments, he should conduct a cognitive interview and form target participants to ensure that potential participants understand each item.

d) Jhaymar can start creating the Filipino version of the scale once he has revised the proposed items. After this, he will test the items among university students. Following the rule of thumb, 10% of the target population should participate in his pilot study. Note that in this phase, he should administer the English version concurrently with the translated version to ensure accuracy and reliability.

e) Once the English version is revised, he should conduct a pilot study using stratified random sampling to ensure each grade level and year level will be represented. After this, he should compute the reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of the scale (for each subscale [per career interest], Scoring M(u) and the r-value r(psi).

b) Logical Partitioning

For items 2 to 6 (Dr. Yapper's test developers), Jhaymar is invited to be the test developer of a private company. For Real Company (FRC), which sells different products. However, problems for FRC management stated that their employees are unmotivated, and there seems to be an issue regarding their initiative to do the work given to them. The company needs to find out who among their managers would lead each department in terms of assigned tasks. However, they do not have any test that would measure that. So, Dr. Yapper invited a team of 2 score members - Dr. Agila and Dr. Jacket. After a week of meeting with the company, the team of test developers decided to develop a new set of items from the existing literature/studies about leadership. Different leadership experts validated these items, and one of the validators is Dr. Agila. For all the item developers, after validation from the experts, they consulted with the FRC to finalize the set of items before pilot testing.

In this scenario, the team of Dr. Yapper used what method of item generation?

a) Systematic method

b) Logical Partitioning

c) Grouping

d) Fill-A-Gap method

a) 5

For items 2 to 6 (Dr. Yapper's test developers), Jhaymar is invited to be the test developer of a private company. For Real Company (FRC), which sells different products. However, problems for FRC management stated that their employees are unmotivated, and there seems to be an issue regarding their initiative to do the work given to them. The company needs to find out who among their managers would lead each department in terms of assigned tasks. However, they do not have any test that would measure that. So, Dr. Yapper invited a team of 2 score members - Dr. Agila and Dr. Jacket. After a week of meeting with the company, the team of test developers decided to develop a new set of items from the existing literature/studies about leadership. Different leadership experts validated these items, and one of the validators is Dr. Agila. For all the item developers, after validation from the experts, they consulted with the FRC to finalize the set of items before pilot testing.

Knowing that the situation involves content validation from the experts, how many experts are ideal to validate the items developed by Dr. Yapper's team?

a) 5

b) 4

c) 3

d) 2

c) Yes, there is a mistake, but it is not the mistakes given in either option A or B

For items 2 to 6 (Dr. Yapper's test developers), Jhaymar is invited to be the test developer of a private company. For Real Company (FRC), which sells different products. However, problems for FRC management stated that their employees are unmotivated, and there seems to be an issue regarding their initiative to do the work given to them. The company needs to find out who among their managers would lead each department in terms of assigned tasks. However, they do not have any test that would measure that. So, Dr. Yapper invited a team of 2 score members - Dr. Agila and Dr. Jacket. After a week of meeting with the company, the team of test developers decided to develop a new set of items from the existing literature/studies about leadership. Different leadership experts validated these items, and one of the validators is Dr. Agila. For all the item developers, after validation from the experts, they consulted with the FRC to finalize the set of items before pilot testing.

Given the situation above, are there any mistakes committed by the test developers?

a) Yes, creating test an item based on the literature is not ideal, especially concerning leadership.

b) Yes, consulting with the company before pilot testing is an ideal because it reduces bias.

c) Yes, there is a mistake, but it is not the mistakes given in either option A or B

d) No mistake at all

d) 60 items

For items 2 to 6 (Dr. Yapper's test developers), Jhaymar is invited to be the test developer of a private company. For Real Company (FRC), which sells different products. However, problems for FRC management stated that their employees are unmotivated, and there seems to be an issue regarding their initiative to do the work given to them. The company needs to find out who among their managers would lead each department in terms of assigned tasks. However, they do not have any test that would measure that. So, Dr. Yapper invited a team of 2 score members - Dr. Agila and Dr. Jacket. After a week of meeting with the company, the team of test developers decided to develop a new set of items from the existing literature/studies about leadership. Different leadership experts validated these items, and one of the validators is Dr. Agila. For all the item developers, after validation from the experts, they consulted with the FRC to finalize the set of items before pilot testing.

As a test developer, assuming that the team of Dr. Yapper is aiming to develop an objective-based test, how many Likert items will you recommend before they proceed with the pilot testing?

a) 30 items

b) 40 items

c) 50 items

d) 60 items

b) At least .83

For items 2 to 6 (Dr. Yapper's test developers), Jhaymar is invited to be the test developer of a private company. For Real Company (FRC), which sells different products. However, problems for FRC management stated that their employees are unmotivated, and there seems to be an issue regarding their initiative to do the work given to them. The company needs to find out who among their managers would lead each department in terms of assigned tasks. However, they do not have any test that would measure that. So, Dr. Yapper invited a team of 2 score members - Dr. Agila and Dr. Jacket. After a week of meeting with the company, the team of test developers decided to develop a new set of items from the existing literature/studies about leadership. Different leadership experts validated these items, and one of the validators is Dr. Agila. For all the item developers, after validation from the experts, they consulted with the FRC to finalize the set of items before pilot testing.

As a test developer, assuming that the team of Dr. Yapper is aiming to develop an objective-based test, how many Likert items will you recommend before they proceed with the pilot testing?

a) At least .80

b) At least .83

c) At least .78

d) None of the above

a) In "authentic" assessment, experts promote the use of complex performance assessments, typically in the form of portfolios or real-world tasks/projects.

In the context of psychological assessment, what do we mean by authentic assessment?

a) In "authentic" assessment, experts promote the use of complex performance assessments, typically in the form of portfolios or real-world tasks/projects.

b) In "authentic" assessment, experts ensure that all their methods are reliable and valid for the clients' cases.

c) In "authentic" assessment, experts promote the use of Rogerian core conditions (e.g. empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard) so that the client will be comfortable using the assessment techniques.

d) In "authentic" assessment, experts seek the validation of other experts to authenticate their assessment techniques used to their clients, but this is only applicable to neuropsychological assessments.

d) Yes. For a child client, starting with unstructured tasks before the structured tasks is not ideal.

Assuming you already have your Ph.D in Psychology, and your name is Dr. Dimagiba. One day, a 6-year-old boy named Charles was referred to your testing institution for a comprehensive assessment. Dr. Amiga was very concerned because the referral source suspected that the child might be experiencing symptoms of ADHD and academic challenges. The child and his mother came to the testing room on assessment day. You greeted his mother using a warm smile. You said, "Good morning, Ms. Hernandez! Are you ready for the assessment of your child?" She said, "Good morning, Dr. Dimagiba. Yes, we are ready for the assessment." Afterward, you and Charles entered the small room where the assessment happened. Before the assessment, you said, "My name is Jhaymar and I'm a good tone of voice. Hi Charles, I am Dr. Dimagiba. I will be your doctor today, but I am not the type of doctor you come to when you feel sick. We will do some activities together, and I'm the doctor who likes to get to know kids better. So, what I'm going to do today is find out more about you. I will also be your partner today, so we have to work cooperatively, but I think it will be fun, too." After introducing yourself to the child and setting up good conversation with him, you administered the first unstructured measures, such as the Draw-A-Person Test and the Children's Apperception test. After this unstructured tasks, you administered structured tasks, such as CBCL, WRAT, and BJS. Considering this scenario, is there any step done in the assessment that is not ideal?

a) Yes. For a child client, assessing the intellectual and personality in just a day is inappropriate.

b) Yes. For a child client, it is not ideal to greet the child with a friendly voice.

c) Yes. For a child client, it is not ideal to introduce yourself as a "Dr."

d) Yes. For a child client, starting with unstructured tasks before the structured tasks is not ideal.

a) The manual should provide a rationale and supporting evidence for using the scores to identify students for intervention.

Mr. Garcia, a school psychologist, reviews the manual for a new social skills assessment program for preschool students. The manual outlines the test's purpose, design, and provides some background on social skills theory. It also presents data showing that students with higher scores tend to have more positive peer relationships. However, the manual does not explain why the test developers believe the scores will be useful to teachers. Instead, after a brief intervention, nor does it discuss the theoretical or empirical support for the scoring system. Which of the following describes a limitation of the test manual in its best way, considering its purpose and using test scores?

a) The manual should provide a rationale and supporting evidence for using the scores to identify students for intervention.

b) The manual should focus primarily on scoring instructions since users can interpret the results based on their own judgment.

c) The manual should avoid referencing a theory, as this could bias users' interpretations of the scores.

d) The manual should provide more examples of peer relationships, even if not directly related to the test's intended use.

d) Yes, Tukey's test is inappropriate in his study.

Dr. Jhaymar investigated psychometricians' psychological assessment competencies (PAC). He differentiated the level of PAC between novices (working for 2 years and below), experts (6 years to 15 years), and veterans (16 years and above). Upon checking the normality of the data, it was shown that novices have skewness and kurt-<0.05. While experts have skewness >0.05, and kurt >0.05. While veterans have skewness >0.05, and kurt-<0.05. Therefore, all groups mentioned have homogeneity of variances. Dr. Jhaymar checked whether there is a difference in the means between the groups, and Tukey's test for post-hoc analysis is made to minimize his analysis.

a) There is a mistake in his analysis. Skewness and kurtosis are inappropriate for his study because these data are unrelated.

b) Yes, Levene's test is not required in his study.

c) Yes, Welch's test is inappropriate in his study.

d) No mistake in Jhaymar's analysis.

c) Simplify or remove the technology-related vocabulary in the test with more universally understood terms and re-evaluate the test's validity.

Deidara is developing a new time-limited test to measure multicultural problem-solving skills for college students across different regions. During a pilot study, Deidara collects data from rural areas with limited exposure to certain technological and vocabulary used in the test, tend to score lower despite demonstrating strong problem-solving skills in other assessments. What should Deidara do to ensure the test accurately measures multicultural problem-solving skills without being influenced by construct-irrelevant variance?

a) Exclude students from rural areas from the testing population to minimize construct-irrelevant variance.

b) Add a glossary of technical terms at the end of the test for students to reference during the exam.

c) Simplify or remove the technology-related vocabulary in the test with more universally understood terms and re-evaluate the test's validity.

d) Keep the current test as is since exposure to technology-related vocabulary is part of modern education.

b) Jose constructed a 26-item scale that measures the self-esteem of 2024 BLEPP takers, conducted an item-item correlation, and retained all items below .30 correlations.

Who among the following test developers committed a mistake?

a) Wally constructed a 16-item scale that measures the hope of the Filipino people, conducted an exploratory factor analysis, and removed all items with factor loading below .30.

b) Jose constructed a 26-item scale that measures the self-esteem of 2024 BLEPP takers, conducted an item-item correlation, and retained all items below .30 correlations.

c) Vic constructed a 42-item scale that measures the test anxiety of the people of BLEPP takers, conducted a reliability analysis using Cronbach's alpha, and proceeded to the next step after knowing that the scale has a .70 alpha.

d) Willis constructed a 39-item scale that measures the impulsivity behaviors of the adolescents in a city, conducted a reliability analysis using a test-retest method, and had all items with a .60 alpha value.

c) Conduct a study in which you will use multiple group designs to investigate the differences between the groups mentioned in past literature on depression levels.

As a test developer, you aim to develop a test that measures the aggression levels of patients in a mental hospital. Assuming that you are about to take a step that you need to provide evidence of construct validity, you have read from the past literature that there were no significant differences between those groups who undergo psychotherapy, those who received drug therapy, and those who received both in terms of aggression levels. Connected to the literature, what is the next best step for you?

a) Conduct a study in which you will use an experimental psychotherapy group (those to whom there will be no differences between those who will receive psychotherapy only and drug therapy only.

b) Conduct a study in which you will correlate the depression level of the patients to another scale that measures psychopathology.

c) Conduct a study in which you will use multiple group designs to investigate the differences between the groups mentioned in past literature on depression levels.

d) Conduct a study in which you will use longitudinal research design to investigate if there are differences among the patients in your study.

e) Conduct a study in which you will investigate the relevance and importance of each item in your depression scale.

c) To ensure the pieces of evidence, you can use recent reviews of meta-analyses of research findings published in refereed journal articles. These journal articles would help you decide if it is already an obsolete technique.

As a clinical practitioner, you must check the inventory and list of available tests in the clinic. You have noticed that you must hide all obsolete tests in a secured cabinet. You know that both MMPI-2-RF are still being utilized in clinics. You know that MMPI-2-RF is still being utilized more than MMPI-3. You also know that MMPI-2-RF was published in 2008, and MMPI-3 was published in 2020. Which of the following is the best way to decide if MMPI-2-RF is already obsolete?

a) To make it more documented, create a survey list asking other practitioners who administer and interpret this test, to be utilized between the two in their practice. In that case, the survey results will help you decide if MMPI-2-RF is already obsolete.

b) Examine the items of both tests. Extract a sample of items from both tests. Compare them based on their relevance and pilot-test it among 30 clinical samples for reliability and validity analysis. The results of the analysis will help you decide whether MMPI-2-RF is obsolete or not.

c) To ensure the pieces of evidence, you can use recent reviews of meta-analyses of research findings published in refereed journal articles. These journal articles would help you decide if it is already an obsolete technique.

d) Do nothing. It does not matter if MMPI-2-RF is obsolete because both tests can assess psychopathology, and if the scoring sheets of MMPI-2 are unavailable, the MMPI-2-RF materials can be used.

a) Ramborito, a psychometrician, developed a 47-item scale that measures the creativity of high school students. During the exploratory factor analysis, he yielded 3 factors, and all items with .30 and above factor loading were retained.

Who among test developers committed a mistake?

a) Ramborito, a psychometrician, developed a 47-item scale that measures the creativity of high school students. During the exploratory factor analysis, he yielded 3 factors, and all items with .30 and above factor loading were retained.

b) Lianneteh, a test developer, developed a 36-item scale that measures the self-consciousness of adults. For her data analysis, she gathered data among 500 adults for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). All items with load .34 and below factor loading were removed from the scale. After completing the EFA, she then gathered data among 500 adults for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

c) Taylorista, a psychology professor, created a 28-item scale that measures the hope of young adults in the Philippines. She got .80 in her test-retest reliability coefficient and decided that this is already acceptable as a reliability coefficient.

d) Herbertrudy, a psychometrician, developed an 18-item scale that measures the social support of single working parents. After her pilot test, she made an item-total correlation. All items with consistent .30 correlations below with other items were removed from the scale.

e) No, inappropriate step not taken in the situation.

A couple of months ago, you conducted a scale measuring depression where a person can answer from strongly agree (5) to strongly disagree (1) for each item. Five experts, including psychologists and psychometricians, screened and approved the items. You also ran some data for item analysis using Cronbach's alpha, and the scale obtained .82. After a week, you established the construct validity and used the known-group technique. You gave the scale to 2 groups, which are those who are clinically diagnosed with depression and those who are not. In your data, several test was <.05, and you used an independent t-test to investigate who has higher scores and if there is a significant difference between the two groups. After analysis, the results showed that those who are clinically diagnosed with depression have significantly higher levels of depression compared to those who are not. Using this scenario, which of the following has evidence of construct validity: is there any inappropriate step done in this scenario?

a) Yes, the experts are too much for validating the clinical-based scale.

b) Yes, Cronbach's alpha is inappropriate in this situation.

c) Yes, an independent t-test is inappropriate in this situation.

d) Yes, 2 groups are not enough in this situation.

e) No, inappropriate step not taken in the situation.

b) We can conclude that there should be uniformity even when establishing rapport.

Imagine you are a psychometrician in a testing center, and one of your tasks is administering a test to undergraduate students individually. One day, you administered an achievement test (measures of math knowledge) to a student named Poppy. After completion of the test, you give him a candy in which there is an obvious boost in his confidence. In answer to the questions, carefully, on the next day, you administered the same test to a student named Poppy. In every correct answer of Poppy, you say, "Good job, Poppy" in which the effect on his confidence in answer to the questions carefully is not observed. What do we conclude from this situation?

a) We can conclude that it is not ideal to administer this kind of test individually since it may be a burden for you as a psychometrician.

b) We can conclude that there should be uniformity even when establishing rapport.

c) We can conclude that Poppy will get a higher score than Robin.

d) We can conclude that Robin will pass on the exam and Poppy will not.

e) None of the above.

As a test developer, you want to demonstrate the content validity of your scale, which of the following steps is appropriate?

a) Content matches domain -> Number of items for each content area adjusted for relative importance -> Test items accurately reflect the content -> Survey the domain.

b) Content matches domain -> Test items accurately reflect the content -> Survey the domain -> Number of items for each content area adjusted for relative importance.

c) Survey the domain -> Number of items for each content -> Number of items for each content area adjusted for relative importance -> Content matches domain.

d) Survey the domain -> Content matches domain -> Number of items for each content area adjusted for relative importance -> Test items accurately reflect the domain.

e) None of the above.

c) Both MMPI results and PAI results require clinical attention in terms of the depression scales.

A client referred to your institutional testing office from the guidance office for personality assessment. Based on the referral, your client is showing symptoms of depression and requires assessment for further decisions. In school, you gave both MMPI-2 and PAI. In MMPI-2, the T-score of depression is 65. In which you will use an experimental psychotherapy group (those to whom there will be no differences between those who will receive psychotherapy only and drug therapy only.

a) Based on the MMPI results of depression, it does not require clinical attention.

b) Based on the MMPI results of depression, it does not require clinical attention. While based on the PAI results of the depression scale, it requires clinical attention.

c) Both MMPI results and PAI results require clinical attention in terms of the depression scales.

d) Both MMPI results and PAI results do not require clinical attention in terms of the depression scale.

d) None of the above situations demonstrate unacceptable behavior during testing.

At a prestigious university's entrance examination, several students were caught cheating. About the process for a test-taker behavior. The university testing center is reviewing the actions of three individuals involved in the ethical process to determine what behavior violates the ethical and legal standards related to cheating and test security. Which of the following situations demonstrates unacceptable behavior in testing?

a) Emily discusses general test-taking strategies with her classmates, but does not share any specific test content or questions.

b) Maria posts general advice about managing time during the test on a public forum without revealing any specific test questions.

c) Luis accesses test materials provided by the university's official testing resources and uses them to prepare for the exam.

d) None of the above situations demonstrate unacceptable behavior during testing.

c) Define the test content based on clinical diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders. Specify the test length, item formats, and scoring procedures. Also, define administration instructions and permissible variations. Describe the hardware and software requirements for the computer-based version, and plan to obtain standardization if pilot testing suggests adjustments are needed.

Dr. Garcia is a test developer assigned to create a new psychological test intended to measure personality disorder symptoms in adults seeking clinical services. This is a complex comprehensive test. The test will be before beginning item development. The test will be administered via paper-and-pencil format and via computer. Mr. Garcia is aware that the test specifications will guide all aspects of test construction and administration. Which of the following is the best way that Mr. Garcia should take?

a) Specify test content and administration procedures based solely on Ms. Garcia's professional judgment without consulting external criteria.

b) Develop test specifications primarily based on common anxiety questionnaires found online, focusing on the shortest possible test length to reduce administration time without pilot testing or revising the specifications afterward.

c) Define the test content based on clinical diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders. Specify the test length, item formats, and scoring procedures. Also, define administration instructions and permissible variations. Describe the hardware and software requirements for the computer-based version, and plan to obtain standardization if pilot testing suggests adjustments are needed.

d) Develop test specifications that include item formats and scoring procedures but leave out test length and administration time undefined, assuming these details can be adjusted later during test construction.

a) Odd-even reliability

This is the most basic form of internal consistency.

a) Odd-even reliability

b) Cronbach's coefficient alpha

c) Kuder-Richardson

d) None of the above

b) DAT has seven separate tests of ability.

Which statement is accurate about DAT and its version, except?

a) DAT is for students in grades 7 through 12 that measure abilities across vocational skills.

b) DAT has seven separate tests of ability.

c) DAT has an alternative version called DAT PCA.

d) Based on the version of this test, raw scores can be converted to stanines. e) None of the above is inaccurate.

d) Only statement 2 is inaccurate

Statement 1: On Axis I, an MMPI is quicker to administer than MCMI.

Statement 2: MMPI is quicker to administer than MCMI-II.

Statement 3: There is a low correlation between the paranoid scale of MCMI-III and the MMPI-2 paranoia scale.

a) All statements are accurate.

b) Only statement 1 is accurate.

c) Only statements 1 and 2 are accurate.

d) Only statement 2 is inaccurate

e) All statements are accurate.

b) 70

If the MMPI-2 has a T-score of _____, it is considered clinically significant.

a) 60

b) 70

c) 55

d) 75

a) "If Marten's mother's recollection is accurate, Marten was born 6 weeks premature."

While reviewing the assessment report created by your co-psychometrician, you noticed the following statement (Please refer to the choices): Which of these statements is an example of hedging?

a) "If Marten's mother's recollection is accurate, Marten was born 6 weeks ."

b) "Marten's teacher gives her extra incentives to stay accountable and do her homework."

c) "Marten has high levels of anxiety."

d) "I recommend exposure therapy to help Marten manage his anxiety levels."

d) None of the above

In MCMI IV, the potential issues of an individual with this personality style may irritate others because of their persistent high spirits, emotionality and frequent mood swings, and changes in their mood and behavior. Another issue is that a person with this personality style may be easily bored and unlikely to follow through on their plans.

a) 2A-Schizoid

b) 2B-Avoidant

c) 2C-Narcissistic

d) None of the above

d) All of the above. A to C are all true statements about "other specified disorders" and "unspecified disorders".

Which of the following is not true about "other specified disorders and unspecified disorders?"

a) The other specified and unspecified disorders should be used when a clinician identifies an individual's impairment to functioning or distress to precisely diagnosis; however, it does not meet the specific diagnostic criteria in that category.

b) The "other specified" should be used when the clinician wants to communicate specifically why the criteria do not fit.

c) The "unspecified" disorder should be used when he or she does not want or is unable to communicate specifically.

d) All of the above. A to C are all true statements about "other specified disorders" and "unspecified disorders".

a) Under the CTT framework, the item difficulty index is also known as the item-effectiveness index.

Which of the following is inaccurate about the item difficulty index?

a) Under the CTT framework, the item difficulty index is also known as the item-effectiveness index.

b) Ranges from 0.0 to 1.0.

c) A high difficulty score means a greater proportion of the test-takers answered the item correctly.

d) A lower difficulty score may be because of ambiguity in the response options.

d) Extraversion and Tough-mindedness

Based on the item manual, warmth is a contributing primary factor in what global factor/s?

a) Extraversion and Anxiety

b) Independence and Extraversion

c) Extraversion only

d) Extraversion and Tough-mindedness

e) Self-control and Extraversion

b) Yes, MMPI-3 is not designed for a patient's case.

A 45-year-old client was referred to your clinic because her parents are worried that her daughter suffers from depressive symptoms. After the intake interview, you proceeded to administer MMPI-3 to support the data gathered in your interview. In MMPI-3, you saw that she has raw scores and T scores that scored 80 T scores. Therefore, your idea that Rio is suffering from depression might be accurate. Is there any problem with this situation?

a) Yes, the T score of 80 is too low in this situation.

b) Yes, MMPI-3 is not designed for a patient's case.

c) Yes, using T-scores in MMPI-3 is not allowed since it does not measure depression.

d) No problem in the given situation.

b) Predictive - Content

Aptitude Tests: ________ ; Achievement Tests: ________

a) Concurrent - Predictive

b) Predictive - Content

c) Content - Convergent

d) Predictive - Convergent

e) Content - Concurrent

c) It is necessary to define multiple dimensions even without an established framework or theory.

Before constructing a test, it is important that the domain(s) that are undergoing to measure is well-articulated. The following are recommendations to define the domain, except?

a) Specify the purpose of the domain or construct you seek to develop.

b) Confirm that no existing instrument will adequately serve the same purpose.

c) It is necessary to define multiple dimensions even without an established framework or theory.

d) Describe the domain and provide a preliminary conceptual definition.

d) All of the above are essential characteristics of an item.

These are essential characteristics of an item, except:

a) The need for items to be consistently understood.

b) The need for items to be consistently administered or communicated to respondents.

c) The consistent communication of what constitutes an adequate answer.

d) All of the above are essential characteristics of an item.

a) Questions with dichotomous response categories (e.g., true/false) can have ambiguity.

All are accurate regarding item development, except:

a) Questions with dichotomous response categories (e.g., true/false) can have ambiguity.

b) When a Likert-type response scale is used, responses should be presented in an ordinal manner.

c) Avoid construct underrepresentation.

d) Each point of the response scale should be meaningful and interpreted the same way by each participant.

c) Split-half method

If you want to get the coefficient of equivalence, you should use what method?

a) Coefficient alpha

b) Test-retest method

c) Split-half method

d) Inter-scorer method

e) None of the above

b) Contamination

As you establish the reliability of your scale measuring agreeableness using the test-retest technique, you notice that the scores were not the same between the first and second take. As you interviewed multiple participants, they said that they encountered some traumatic experiences which may be a possible reason for changes in the score. The effect of the traumatic experiences of the participants are called:

a) Carryover

b) Contamination

c) Coefficient

d) Composite

c) .90

If you construct a scale for educational decisions, what is the recommended level of reliability coefficient?

a) .80

b) .85

c) .90

d) .75

c) Clients with a T score greater than 55 in A3 ignore their feelings of anger so they will not have a conflict with others.

Which of the following is inaccurate about NEO-PI Interpretation?

a) Clients with a T score greater than 55 in E1 are interested in interacting with others and developing intimate relationships.

b) Clients with a T score greater than 55 in O1 have highly active imaginations and vivid fantasy lives.

c) Clients with a T score greater than 55 in A3 ignore their feelings of anger so they will not have a conflict with others.

d) Clients with a T score greater than 55 in C3 work hard to follow through with the tasks that are expected of them.

a) Low Extraversion - Low Agreeableness

Ria treats social interaction as competition and is wary of others as possible enemies. She values her privacy and keeps her internal feelings and values from others. In this case, in terms of NEO-PI, we can assume she has

a) Low Extraversion - Low Agreeableness

b) High Extraversion - Low Agreeableness

c) High Extraversion - High Agreeableness

d) Low Extraversion - High Agreeableness

b) Improve slightly

In terms of test sophistication, if the test takers practice using the test with the use of objective answer sheets, their performance may _______

a) Improve dramatically

b) Improve slightly

c) Have no changes

d) Decrease

b) Parallel-form method

This reliability method reduces the possibility of cheating.

a) Test-retest method

b) Parallel-form method

c) Coefficient alpha

d) Kuder-Richardson

a) Construct-irrelevant variance

Assuming you use an entrance examiner in a prestigious university. Finally, your examination, which focuses on Math, English, and Science, was administered through paper and pencil, but because of the pandemic, your institution decided to transfer to items online and can be answered through a computer. While this system is ongoing, you have noticed in your further analysis, when scoring the exams that the test-taker's ability to use the computer efficiently affects the test-taker's performance, added to their actual scores. This scenario means there is what?

a) Construct-irrelevant variance

b) Face validity

c) Construct underrepresentation

d) Internal consistency

b) Ask the barangay captain first what the purpose of training is and if it is necessary to do it immediately.

Imagine that before the board exam you attend training session related to the administration of HSPQ. Then, a week before the board exam, you decided to go home to your province to spend time with your family. However, three days before the board exam, your colleagues, who are psychometricians, call you and tell you that you are required to attend a three-day training session in the province where you will be. What is the best thing to do in this situation?

a) Commit to being a test administrator since no one is qualified, and you have clinical and private practices.

b) Ask the barangay captain first what the purpose of training is and if it is necessary to do it immediately.

c) Commit to being a test administrator and then once a qualified professional is available, immediately discontinue the service.

d) Say to the barangay captain that they should wait for the board exam results, and if you pass, you will commit immediately to administer the test.

b) Phillip's situation showed representativeness. Buboy's situation showed biased sampling.

Phillip, a social psychologist, who investigated the occurrence of academic fatigue among graduate school students at their university. He found that all respondents in his study accurately reflected the characteristics of graduate school students in their university. Meanwhile, Buboy, an educational psychologist, studies the social engagement of college students. He found that all respondents whose characteristics were different from the characteristics of the population did not have social engagement.

a) Phillip's situation showed a biased sample. Buboy's situation showed representativeness.

b) Phillip's situation showed representativeness. Buboy's situation showed biased sampling.

c) Both situations showed representativeness.

d) Both situations showed a biased sampling.

c) Construct 1 set of items first. These items are for self-rating. Once validated with validity and reliability, this can be used as a criterion for other versions (e.g., supervisor's rating and employee's rating).

A company seeks your services regarding test development. They want to measure their employees' teamwork. You mention that they have defined the construct based on qualitative data. They also mentioned that they want to make a 360-degree evaluation, which means that the employees will rate their own leadership competencies and their supervisors' leadership competencies, and supervisors will rate their employees' leadership competencies. With this information, what will be your next step?

a) Construct 3 sets of items that will be used for the 360-degree evaluation. These items are self-rating, supervisor's rating to their employees, and employee's rating to their supervisors. After constructing the items, look for at least three psychologists to review the items before pilot testing.

b) Construct 3 sets of items that will be used for the 360-degree evaluation. These items are self-rating, supervisor's rating to their employees, and employee's rating to their supervisors. After constructing the items, do pilot testing. Once the pilot testing is done, a factor analysis will be run, and the evaluation tool will be finalized.

c) Construct 1 set of items first. These items are for self-rating. Once validated with validity and reliability, this can be used as a criterion for other versions (e.g., supervisor's rating and employee's rating).

d) Construct 1 set of items first. These items are for supervisor's rating of their employees. Once reliability is established (specifically internal consistency), this can be used as a criterion for other versions (e.g., supervisor's and employee's ratings).

d) None of these test developers made a mistake in establishing content validity.

Who among the following test developers committed a mistake in establishing the content validity of their constructed test?

a) Nicole establishes the content validity of her job satisfaction scale by reading books related to the variable she measures.

b) Peter establishes the content validity of his reading comprehension test by consulting with the experts about what items could be reflected in his test.

c) Jerry establishes the content validity of his math achievement test by examining the curriculum guidelines in the university.

d) None of these test developers made a mistake in establishing content validity.

c) Independent t-test

Which of the following techniques is not useful when provide the evidence of construct validity of your scale?

a) Internal Consistency

b) Longitudinal research design

c) Independent t-test

d) Pearson R

e) None of the above is considered useful when providing the evidence of construct validity.

d) All of the above

Coefficient alpha is effective for estimating score reliability for test items that are scored:

a) Dichotomously (correct/incorrect)

b) on an ordinal level of measurement (e.g., Likert-type)

c) with alternative weights (e.g., essay type)

d) All of the above

b) "It doesn't matter how well you can draw, just go ahead and do your best."

While administering DAP, your client said, "I'm not much of an artist. What is the most ideal response?"

a) "Oh really? Then let's stop this"

b) "It doesn't matter how well you can draw, just go ahead and do your best."

c) "It's okay, just draw whatever you want and you feel. You can also draw a man with wings."

d) "Oh okay, is it okay with you that I will draw for you?''

d) "No time limit."

During the interview, you notice that whenever your client asks, "Is there a time limit? What is the most ideal response?"

a) "Maybe around 10 minutes, I'll get your responses."

b) "None. But you have to finish it around 15 minutes."

c) "Yes. Finish it within 10 to 20 minutes."

d) "No time limit."

e) None of the above is inaccurate.

Which of the following is inaccurate about the idiographic approach, except?

a) It treats individuals as unique.

b) Its research approach is qualitative.

c) Interview is considered as a data collection technique in this approach.

d) It fits problems in trying to make generalizations.

e) None of the above is inaccurate.

c) Sociological

This theory is applied to vocational interests views education and opportunities as more significant than characteristics such as ability and personality.

a) Psychodynamic

b) Developmental

c) Sociological

d) Cognitive

e) Existential

b) Give another sheet of paper and instruct the client to draw a regular human in a stick figure.

In DAP, if your client's drawing is a stick figure, what is the most ideal thing you should do?

a) Give him stick figure in front of your client and instruct him/her again to draw.

b) Give another sheet of paper and instruct the client to draw a regular human in a stick figure.

c) Get the paper and ask the client to tell a story about the stick figure.

d) Consult your supervisor and cancel the assessment.

d) None of the above. All of these reasons why test takers may decide not to respond to certain items on a self-report inventory.

There are several reasons why test takers may decide not to respond to certain items on a self-report inventory, except?

a) Because they are not familiar with the item or have no experience with the item content.

b) They may not feel that neither a "true" nor "false" response is appropriate.

c) In an achievement test, test takers may believe that item content, such as religious beliefs or sexual practices, is irrelevant to the position the applicant seeks.

d) None of the above. All of these reasons why test takers may decide not to respond to certain items on a self-report inventory.

d) All of the above.

Which of the following should statements be avoided in the psychological report?

a) "The patient denies the observations given by his mother."

b) "The patient reports physical complaints."

c) "The patient is paranoid."

d) All of the above.

b) Advise the client to consult a dictionary.

You administered a self-report personality inventory to your client, and one of the items is constructed as "Whenever I am with my friends, I always talk a lot." When your client asked you what "bliss" means. What is the most ideal thing to do?

a) Have the client enough time to guess the definition of that word.

b) Advise the client to consult a dictionary.

c) Cancel the self-report personality inventory and consider a structured clinical interview.

d) Use an interpreter and ensure the confidentiality of the session.

d) Taylor's extreme elevation on the Anxiety scale of the MMPI-II, her self-reported anxiety attacks, and observed behaviors during both testing and school observation.

Which of the following provides enough data to document an anxiety disorder?

a) Taylor's self-reported anxiety attacks.

b) Taylor's observed behavior on an anxiety scale of the MMPI-II.

c) Taylor's observed behaviors during the assessment process include motor activity, stuttering, rapid breathing, etc.

d) Taylor's extreme elevation on the Anxiety scale of the MMPI-II, her self-reported anxiety attacks, and observed behaviors during both testing and school observation.

d) Donate to the local government offices

Disposal of outdated, unused test materials includes the following, except

a) Securing embedding services

b) Returning products to the publisher

c) Secure in storage for educational purposes

d) Donate to the local government offices

e) None of the above. A to D can be done.

b) relative; absolute

Criterion-referenced interpretations are _________ whereas norm-referenced interpretations are _________.

a) absolute; relative

b) relative; absolute

c) relative; relative

d) absolute; absolute

c) average/moderately difficult

In norm-referenced interpretations, test developers will typically select items that are _________

a) very difficult

b) very easy

c) average/moderately difficult

d) easy

b) Clinical interview

If you need to determine the individual's motivation for inaccurate item endorsement (whether explicit or implicit), which of the following is recommended to use?

a) Self-report objective test

b) Clinical interview

c) Projective test

d) Non-verbal intelligence test

e) None of the above

e) None of the above is not suitable. A to D can be used.

You handle a clinical case in which the patient reports symptoms of MDD for the past 2 weeks; which of the following assessment techniques is not suitable to use for this case?

a) Clinical interview

b) Case-history data

c) Behavioral rating

d) Personality testing

e) None of the above is not suitable. A to D can be used.

e) None of the above is incorrect.

Which of the following is incorrect about validity?

a) This is the most fundamental consideration when developing and evaluating tests

b) It is more appropriate to say the “validity of interpretations” rather than “the validity of a test”

c) Validation can be viewed as a process of constructing and evaluating arguments for and against the intended interpretation of test scores and their relevance to the proposed use.

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above is incorrect.

c) Both a and b

In psychological testing, we should remember that the protection of privacy involves _________

a) Informed consent

b) Informed assent

c) Both a and b

d) None of the above

d) The manual states that it can be used as a screening tool for hiring employees.

Which of the following is inaccurate about MBTI?

a) It is based on the original work of Carl Jung and his eight psychological types.

b) It could help people with career selection and better understand themselves and others.

c) It can be used in marriage and family counseling sessions.

d) The manual states that it can be used as a screening tool for hiring employees.

e) None of the above is inaccurate. A to D are all accurate.

d) None of the above is inaccurate

Which of the following is inaccurate in writing a psychological report/assessment report?

a) Generally speaking, readers of your report do not need to understand the story of why you conducted your assessment, but they need to understand the story of the assessment being assessed.

b) The main purpose of this report is to address the referral question(s).

c) Great reports often have explicit goal of helping the clients see themselves with new perspectives, moving them to take the first steps in new direction to better places.

d) None of the above is inaccurate

e) None of the above. A to D are all essential components

These are the essential components of test use, except

a) Accessing a sample of scores.

b) Ensuring that the behavior sample is acquired in a standardized manner.

c) Comparing the behavior of two or more people.

d) Comparing the behavior of the same person over time.

e) None of the above. A to D are all essential components

c) Regardless

In DAP, what is required to draw first by a child?

a) Male

b) Female

c) Regardless

d) Always mix with the client.

e) None of the above. A to D are all true statements.

Which of the following is inaccurate about the psychometric properties of drawing techniques?

a) There is a paucity of interpretative guidelines for project drawings, and scoring is not even established.

b) The connections between other measures of child's adjustment and projective drawings have not been consistently shown.

c) Most studies showed that clinicians were not able to distinguish clinically identified children from non-clinical children using projective drawings.

d) Some authors and experts suggested that using projective drawings in clinical assessment is unethical since it cannot demonstrate validity.

e) None of the above. A to D are all true statements.

c) It is possible for test developers to standardize factors related to the environment, the examiner, and the test.

There are different psychological test characteristics that have more scientific and evidence-based. All of these are accurate, except.

a) They representativeness to the person, thoughts to attribute an attribution or thought to predict an attribution.

b) All good psychological tests include behavior samples acquired under standardized conditions.

c) It is possible for test developers to standardize factors related to the environment, the examiner, and the test.

d) Such psychological test may be because of ambiguity in the responses options.

e) All good psychological tests having scoring rules. These rules ensure that all examiners will score the same set of responses in the same way.

b) Cardo used sampling with a replacement, while Polchi used sampling without a replacement.

Whenever Cardo chooses a participant from the population, he returns his participant to his cell before the next selection to ensure that the probability of selection remains constant throughout a series of selections. Meanwhile, his cell mate Polchi removes the chosen participant from his cell before making the next selection to guarantee that no individual appears more than once in a single sample. Which of the following is true between the two scenarios?

a) Cardo used sampling without replacement, while Polchi used sampling with replacement.

b) Cardo used sampling with a replacement, while Polchi used sampling without a replacement.

c) Both of the researchers used sampling without replacement.

d) Both of the researchers used sampling with replacement.

c) Yes. The Shapiro Wilk is inappropriate for the study.

Deang, a clinical psychologist, studied the difference between two trainings (training A and training B) among 377. She checked the assumptions when the data was available to determine the appropriate independent t-test. She used Shapiro-Wilk to determine the normality and determined the homogeneity of variance using Levene's test. Is there a mistake in Deang's steps?

a) Yes. The sample size was too big for the study.

b) Yes. Levene's test is inappropriate for the study.

c) Yes. The Shapiro Wilk is inappropriate for the study.

d) None. All of the steps are correctly performed.

b) Independent t-test

Assuming that there is no normal, if there is an outlier, it was corrected through a series of data cleaning for an item 73. Which would be the appropriate inferential statistics?

a) Dependent t-test

b) Independent t-test

c) ANOVA

d) MANOVA

e) None of the above

b) Friedman Test

Malala, a counseling psychologist, wants to determine if solution-focused brief therapy will be effective for students with emotional problems. In her study, after each treatment, she administered a scale measuring the emotional disturbance of the students. After a three-series of treatments, she wants to differentiate the emotional scores in the first, second, and third sessions to see any improvements. However, she found out that the student is not normally distributed. Therefore, what inferential test is appropriate for her study?

a) Kruskal-Wallis H Test

b) Friedman Test

c) RANOMA

d) Wilcoxon Signed Rank-Test

e) None of the above

d) No conclusion can be drawn from the situation.

Mark found out that his scale for measuring extraversion is associated with the personality structure of sociability. Meanwhile, his colleague Larry has a scale for sociality, which is also correlated with health anxiety. Therefore, we can conclude that:

a) In Mark's research study, a person's sociability increases when extraversion increases. While in the study of Larry, when social anxiety increases, the health anxiety of the person is also increasing.

b) In Mark's research study, a person's sociability decreases when extraversion increases. While in the study of Larry, when social anxiety decreases, the health anxiety of the person decreases.

c) In Mark's research study, a person's sociability decreases when extraversion decreases. While in the study of Larry, when social anxiety decreases, the health anxiety of the person is increasing.

d) No conclusion can be drawn from the situation.

a) invalid

Generally speaking, if it is assumed that if the test taker is generally familiar with the test content, it would make the test

a) invalid

b) unreliable

c) obsolete

d) biased

d) All of the above are valid.

Clinical interviews can serve multiple educational and mental health purposes, including the following except:

a) Providing initial clinical assessment of children's problems

b) Diagnosing psychiatric diagnoses

c) Designing school-based interventions and other mental health treatments

d) All of the above are valid.

e) None of the above. A to D are all included.

b) "What would you change in the picture if you could?"

A child's father died. You are conducting an inquiry after the child draws the family on paper. Which of the following should be your last question in the inquiry?

a) "Can you tell me the name of each family member in the drawing?"

b) "What would you change in the picture if you could?"

c) "What are they doing?"

d) "What happened before this?"

b) A type of assessment that includes self-reports, behavior records, or psychological tests while the client undergoes normal activities.

Ambulatory assessment in psychological assessment is defined as:

a) A type of assessment where the client and the assessor are required to be inside the ambulance while taking the intelligence and personality tests.

b) A type of assessment that includes self-reports, behavior records, or psychological tests while the client undergoes normal activities.

c) A type of assessment where the assessor conducts an emergency assessment because the clients need it immediately.

d) A type of assessment requires the clinician to conduct an online emergency assessment.

a) Psychological Association of the Philippines (PAP)

Assuming that your co-psychometrician violated any provisions in the PAP code of ethics and you tried to discuss it with him to resolve it, but unfortunately, he still violates the code of ethics. In this case, your co-psychometrician should be reported first to the _______ for further investigation.

a) Psychological Association of the Philippines (PAP)

b) Professional Regulation Board (PRB)

c) Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)

d) Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)

b) Both statements 2 and 3 are accurate.

Statement 1: Ryan who has a deficient educational background, will be less likely to benefit from social coaching.

Statement 2: Tristan, who has received coaching, will improve her scores of the coaching materials, and she will resemble.

Statement 3: There are certain types of items that are susceptible to coaching.

a) Only statement 2 are accurate.

b) Both statements 2 and 3 are accurate.

c) Both statements 3 and 4 are accurate.

d) Only statement 1 is accurate.

b) perfect scores

It is noted that both speed tests and power tests are designed to prevent the achievement of _________

a) low scores

b) perfect scores

c) random scores

d) inconsistent scores

b) Both statements 1 and 2 are accurate.

Statement 1: In some instances, concurrent validity can be a substitute for predictive validity.

Statement 2: In concurrent validity, tests are administered to a group on which criterion data are already available.

Statement 3: Predictive validity is excellent to tests employed for diagnosis of existing status.

a) Only statement 2 is accurate.

b) Both statements 1 and 2 are accurate.

c) Only statement 3 is accurate.

d) All statements are accurate.

b) Necessary but not sufficient

Age differentiation technique in developmental context can be described as follows:

a) Necessary and sufficient

b) Necessary but not sufficient

c) Not necessary and not sufficient

d) Not applicable. Age differentiation technique is under reliability.

a) Increase and decrease as a function of age

Which of the following construct validity evidence is least applicable for educational tests?

a) Increase and decrease as a function of age

b) Discriminant

c) Convergent

d) Divergent

e) Pre-test and post-test

a) Inter-scorer

This is the most appropriate reliability method for projective techniques

a) Inter-scorer

b) Split-half

c) Coefficient alpha

d) Test-retest method

e) Alternate forms

a) Left-hemisphere lesions tend to be associated with language-related deficits.

Client with lower verbal IQ than performance IQ should be used in the WMS-IV to determine which areas of cognition are affected.

a) Left-hemisphere lesions tend to be associated with language-related deficits.

b) Right-hemisphere lesions tend to be associated with visual-spatial deficits.

c) Diffuse brain damage is related to general intellectual decline.

d) None of the above

c) Average scores in the psychological tests

Which of the following is least likely to be highlighted in this psychological report?

a) High scores on the psychological tests

b) Low scores in the psychological tests

c) Average scores in the psychological tests

d) Both B and C.

c) A test administrator receives a report of intermittent internet failure during an online test session but does not inform the affected test takers of their rights or the possibility to appeal scores because of the disruption.

Which of the following situations clearly violates appropriate practice in psychological testing?

a) After a fire alarm disrupted the exam, the proctor informed affected test takers about their right to repeat any decisions related to their scores and explains the procedure for securing a formal complaint form.

b) An admissions officer notices that the applicant's test scores are drastically inconsistent with their academic records and contacts the applicant to inform him of the concern and their right to representation during any review process.

c) A test administrator receives a report of intermittent internet failure during an online test session but does not inform the affected test takers of their rights or the possibility to appeal scores because of the disruption.

d) Test takers are notified in advance about the procedures for reporting irregularities and the support available if they believe their scores were affected by testing conditions.

d) None of the practitioners above is considered demonstrating an inappropriate or potentially harmful approach to interpreting and using test results.

Based on the best practices for the responsible use of psychological tests in diagnosis and placement contexts, who among the following practitioners is demonstrating an inappropriate or potentially harmful approach to interpreting and using test results?

a) Naruto integrates the test scores with a thorough review of the client's clinical history, medication history, school records, and collateral information. He also interviews the client's motivation during testing and consults with teachers and family members to gather additional information. Naruto carefully explores alternative explanations for unexpected test results before making placement recommendations.

b) Sasuke conducts a comprehensive language assessment for a bilingual client by administering multiple tests that evaluate vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, pragmatic language use, and verbal language variations. He synthesizes these results, recognizing that a single linguistic skill is insufficient to characterize the client's overall language proficiency.

c) Kakashi considers test scores as one component of a multifaceted evaluation process. He reviews the client's medical history, including medication that could affect cognitive functioning, observes the client's engagement during testing, and discusses with colleagues possible alternative interpretations of test results before finalizing diagnostic impressions and placement decisions.

d) None of the practitioners above is considered demonstrating an inappropriate or potentially harmful approach to interpreting and using test results.

d) Descriptive numerical method

In Jhaymar’s research (item 10), what method did he use to determine normality?

a) Theory-driven graphical method

b) Theory-driven numerical method

c) Descriptive graphical method

d) Descriptive numerical method

c) Both statements 1 and 2 are accurate.

Statement 1. Competent test users understand and appreciate the limitations of the tests they use as well as how those limitations might be compensated for by data from other sources.

Statement 2. Competent test users understand a great deal about the tests they use.

a) Only statement 1 is accurate.

b) Only statement 2 is accurate.

c) Both statements 1 and 2 are accurate.

d) No statement is accurate.

d) None of the above.

Peter's T-score on the psychological assessment quiz is 80. What is the Z-score?

a) 0

b) 1

c) 2

d) None of the above.

d) 16

Given the correct z-score in Peter's situation in item 94, what is his raw score? Assuming that the class has a mean score of 10 and SD of 2.

a) 13

b) 14

c) 15

d) 16

e) None of the above.

b) Ensure that the test is used by a qualified professional.

There are two principal reasons for controlling the use of psychological tests. Which of the following is one of these two principal reasons?

a) Ensure that the number of psychological tests is enough for the clients to be used publicly.

b) Ensure that the test is used by a qualified professional.

c) Ensure that only reliable and valid tests are used by the practitioners.

d) Ensure that the institution will answer the referral question at the time.

d) All of the above is considered as not an important requirement.

You are a psychometrician for a high school student struggling in various subjects such as Math and English. However, you are fully aware that the tests to administer and how they will be administered to him. Which of the following is not an important requirement to provide a good testing procedure to your client?

a) Memorize the exact verbal instructions that will be given to your client during the test administration.

b) Prepare other test materials that will be used, which should generally be placed near the testing table.

c) Become familiar with the specific testing procedure.

d) All of the above is considered as not an important requirement.

d) None of the above

A statement during the test administration, "In this test, everyone is expected to finish within the time allotted," is expected to be:

a) Beneficial for high-anxious test takers

b) Detrimental for low-anxious test takers

c) Both A and B

d) None of the above

b) Ronel, a psychologist, received a referral from a client, and he was informed that the client would take a personality test from another location, so he decided to use at least 4 sessions to complete his test with an attached informed consent form. After securing the consent form from the client, he let the test taker answer it and send it back to him by mail.

Who is considered committed to an unprofessional practice?

a) Carlo, a psychometrician at a university, administered an entrance examination among incoming senior high school students and used the data gathered for their institutional research and update of norms.

b) Ronel, a psychologist, received a referral from a client, and he was informed that the client would take a personality test from another location, so he decided to use at least 4 sessions to complete his test with an attached informed consent form. After securing the consent form from the client, he let the test taker answer it and send it back to him by mail.

c) Filomena, a psychometrician in a provincial hospital, was instructed by their BVMG to a patient who needed urgent psychological testing, and there was no question to wait for at least three psychologists to review it.

d) None of the above practitioners committed an unprofessional practice.

b) Certificate of good standing is necessary to renew our license.

Which of the following is false about the PAP Code of Ethics (2022)?

a) Self-study is an ethical obligation.

b) Certificate of good standing is necessary to renew our license.

c) We do not offer refunds of money to dissatisfied users of our psychological services.

d) Clients may request that the online discussion of test results be provided.

e) None of the above is inaccurate/false.