ANHS Chapter 7 Questions & Fill-ins

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37 Terms

1
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What term refers to competition for the SA node?

ectopic impulse

2
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Atrial dysrhythmias are caused by an ectopic impulse located where?

left or right atrium

3
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Atrial dysrhythmia occurs from conditions that cause ______ on the atria

pressure

4
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The ______ impulse controls the heart rate

fastest

5
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What 3 conditions may cause atrial dysrhythmias by putting pressure on the atria?

Myocardial infarction, valvular problems, & neurological influences

6
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When both deflections are approximately equal, a biphasic waveform is said to be what?

Equiphasic

7
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is this: Rhythm: P-P & R-R are constant, except for early complexes. Rate: 60-100bpm. P wave: unusual. PR int: .12-.20. QRS: .06-.10

Premature atrial complexes

8
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What are the 5 types of PAC?

Triplet (3 in a row), Couplet (2 in a row), Bigeminy (every other), trigeminy (every third), & quadgeminy (every fourth)

9
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Label a PAC tracing with underlying ______ and ______ of PAC

rhythm; type

10
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PAC patients may experience the symptoms of ______ cardiac output

low

11
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Severity of PAC patient's complaint is related to the ______ of PACs

frequency

12
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___ wave morphology is different in a WAP for each pacemaker site

P

13
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is this?: Rhythm: Slightly irregular. Rate: 60-100bpm. P wave: continuous change. PR int: varies. QRS: .06-.10

Wandering atrial pacemaker

14
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is normal in children, older adults, and well-conditioned athletes. It has no signs or symptoms?

WAP

15
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WAP may be related to what 2 conditions?

Organic heart disease and drug toxicity

16
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is this?: Rhythm: Slightly irregular. Rate: 100-150bpm. P wave: continuous change. PR int: varies. QRS: .06-.10

Multifocal atrial tachycardia

17
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What is the distinguishing feature of WAP?

Visibly changing P waves

18
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What 3 other heart conditions can trigger MAT?

Acute emphysema, congestive heart failure, & acute mitral valve regurgitation

19
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Atrial kick contributes what percentage range of a decrease in cardiac output?

10-30%

20
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What occurs when a rapid impulse originates in atrial tissue?

Atrial flutter

21
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What are the 2 origins of ectopic focus with atrial flutter?

Ischemic areas with enhanced automaticity & reentry pathway

22
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Which atrial dysrhythmia has a characteristic sawtooth pattern and what are these waves called?

Atrial flutter & F (flutter) waves

23
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is this?: Rhythm: irregular. Rate: atrial rate 250-350bpm. P wave: not seen. PR int: not identifiable. QRS: .06-.10

Atrial flutter

24
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What is the atrial rate for atrial flutter?

250-350

25
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Loss of atrial kick reduces cardiac output by __-__%

10-30

26
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Atrial flutter patients with increased heart rate demonstrate signs of what?

low cardiac output

27
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What treatment is common for atrial flutter?

oxygen

28
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Which wave type gets an upper case F?

Flutter

29
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What atrial dysrhythmia has a distinguishing feature of visibly changing P waves?

WAP

30
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As with WAP, _____ _____ cause atrial depolarization in atrial fibrillation

multiple foci

31
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Which atrial dysrhythmia is this?: Rhythm: irregular. Rate: atrial rate cannot be determined, electrical impulse activity rate 375-700. P wave: not seen. PR int: not identifiable. QRS: .06-.10 and irregular

Atrial fibrillation

32
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What is the electrical impulse activity rate for atrial fibrillation?

375-700

33
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Which wave type gets a lower case f?

Fibrillatory

34
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Atrial fibrillation patients exhibit signs of decreased _____ _____?

cardiac output

35
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When heart rate is controlled in a patient with a fib, they may be able to tolerate loss of _____ _____

atrial kick

36
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Blood clotting in the atria can clot or form thrombi, which increases risk of _____

embolism

37
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Which 4 conditions are related to atrial fibrillation?

cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, & renal infarction