Biology Chapter 2.2 (Movement in and out of cells)

Diffusion

the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient

Factors that influence diffusion

surface area, temperature, concentration gradients, diffusion distance

Osmosis

net movement of water molecules from a higher water potential (dilute) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated) through a partially permeable membrane

Turgid

cells are swollen due to a high water content

Turgor pressure

pressure on the cell wall from the cell membrane pushing upon it, this is a result of the cell becoming turgid as water moves into the cell

Flaccid

when water moves out of the cell via osmosis, cell shrinks but the cell membrane does not peel away from the cell wall

Plasmolysis

occurs when there is too little water in cells