Autonomic Nervous System Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the Autonomic Nervous System, focusing on the functions of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems, their neurotransmitters, receptors, and specific drugs related to each component.

What is the primary function of the Sympathetic Nervous System?

Fight or flight response.

What is the primary function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Rest and digest.

Define Homeostasis in the context of the ANS.

Maintaining internal balance via involuntary control of organs.

What substance do preganglionic neurons in the ANS release?

Acetylcholine (ACH).

What do postganglionic neurons in the SNS release?

Norepinephrine.

What do postganglionic neurons in the PNS release?

Acetylcholine.

What is the role of Alpha-1 Agonists?

They cause vasoconstriction and are used in nasal decongestants.

Give an example of an Alpha-1 Agonist.

Pseudoephedrine.

What is the effect of Alpha-1 Antagonists on the prostate?

They relax the prostate.

Name an Alpha-1 Antagonist used for BPH.

Tamsulosin.

What is the primary use of Clonidine?

To treat hypertension by reducing sympathetic outflow.

What type of receptor does Dobutamine stimulate?

Beta-1 receptor.

What is Dobutamine used for?

Heart failure, to increase heart rate and force of contractions.

What condition does Metoprolol treat?

Hypertension and angina.

What does Propanolol block?

Beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart.

What is Albuterol primarily used for?

Bronchodilation in asthma treatment.

Name a total receptor agonist used in anaphylaxis.

Epinephrine.

What condition does Norepinephrine help with?

Critically low blood pressure.

What is Dopamine used for?

Cardiogenic shock or severe hypotension.

What are the two types of receptors in the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Muscarinic and Nicotinic receptors.

Name a direct acting muscarinic agonist.

Pilocarpine.

What is the therapeutic use of Pyridostigmine?

To treat myasthenia gravis.

Which drug is used to manage Alzheimer’s disease?

Donepezil.

What is Atropine used to treat?

Bradycardia.

What condition does Oxybutynin help with?

Overactive bladder.

Name a drug that is an indirect acting Muscarinic Agonist.

Pyridostigmine or Donepezil.

What are common anticholinergic effects?

Dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision, confusion.

What does SLUDGE stand for?

Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea, GI upset, Emesis.

What effect does Scopolamine treat?

Motion sickness.

What is the effect associated with anticholinergic drugs?

They can cause conditions like dry mouth and urinary retention.

What is the primary function of Beta-2 Agonists?

Bronchodilation.

What is the effect of Beta-1 Antagonists?

They reduce heart rate and force of contraction.

Name a Beta-2 Agonist used for asthma.

Albuterol.

What type of response does the SNS initiate during stress?

Fight or flight response.

What is the role of the PNS in the ANS?

To promote restorative processes in the body.