Quiz for Philosophy and Philosophers

philosophy

is all about finding asnwers to questions about ourselves and the world we live in

Phytagoras

the first term to use philosophy

Philo

Greek word meaning "love"

Sophia

Greek word for wisdom

Know thyself

Socrates

thyself

synonymous to the word "yourself"

"An unexamined life is not worth living"

Socrates

Socrates

Every man is dualistic
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Socrates

Composed body and soul

2 important aspect of his personhood

Body- imperfect and impermanent
Soul - Perfect and permanent

Socrates two dichotomous realms

Physical Realm - changeable, transient, imperfect. body belongs to this realm

Ideal Realm - unchanging, eternaland immortal. Soul belongs to this realm.

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Socrates

was the first thinker to focus on the full power of reason on the human self.

Plato

the soul is immortal

Plato

Student of Socrates. Believes in the existence of mind and soul.

3 parts of the soul

rational, spirited, appetitive soul

Rational Soul

the thinking soul and intellectual soul

Spirited soul

in charge of emotions and passion

Appetitive Soul

base desires (food, drink, sleep, sexual needs, etc.)

Rational Soul

When conflict occurs, Rational soul should be the mediator. Rational Soul responsibility

Aristotle

Student of Plato. Body and souls are not separate elements but are one thing. They cant be separated to each other.

Kinds of Souls (Aristotle)

Vegetative, Sensitive, Rational

The Vegetative soul (Aristotle)

A soul shared with all living things including plants

Sensitive Soul (Aristotle)

the soul possessed by animals. It includes the functions provided by the vegetative soul and provides the ability to interact with the environment and to retain the information gained from that interaction.

Rational Soul

According to Aristotle, the soul possessed only by humans. It incorporates the functions of the vegetative and sensitive souls and allows thinking about events in the empirical world (passive reason) and the abstraction of the concepts that characterize events in the empirical world (active reason).

St. Augustine

I am doubting, therefore I am

St. Augustine

Religious Perspective. Believes that man cannot be completed without the soul. Knowing god js equal to knowing ourselve.
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Soul and Body (Aristotle)

Inseperable

St. Augustine

Knowledge can only come by seeing the truth that dwells within us.

Rene Descartes

I think therefore I am

Descartes 2 Distinct entities

Cogito and Extenza

Cogito

the thing that thinks.
mind

Extenza

extension of the mind, which is the body

John Locke

The self is Consciousness

John Locke

the human mind at birth is tabula rasa or blank slate. As we experience more in life the more we learn.

consciousness

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

David Hume

There is no self

John locke

Ideas form out of impression.

Immanuel Kant

We construct the self

Gilbert Ryle

According to him, The way we act is the same as who we are.

Gilbert Ryle

The self is the way people behave

Paul Churchland

The self is the brain

Paul Churchland

"If the brain is gone, there is no self." The mind does not really exist.

Mind

mental state, ability to understand things and generate thoughts and awareness.

Brain

Organ of the central nervous system where information is processed and integrated.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

The self is embodied subjectivity

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

The mind and body are so intertwined that they cannot be separated from one another. Mind and body is part of creating who you are.

futile endeavor

no sense or purpose

Bifurcation

the division of something into two branches or parts

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

believes that mind and body are inseperable.