NHM - Tsunamis

Tsunami management (general)

Varied hazards on both spatial and temporal scale

Included in MH approach —> low frequency

Sustainable and support uses of C zone

Need identifiation and assessment

How to manage tsunamis

Impact, exposure/vulnerability, and improve preparedness

Manage impact

site specific, prevent inland movement and mitigate onshore impacts, tsunami walls, breakwaters, gates, revetments and NBS (coral/mangroves, sand dunes)

Hybrid systems

Grey and green = improve effectiveness and mor holistic/MH approach

Manage exposure/vulnerability

LU planning, regulations, structures, identify E+V, H+R assessment

LU planning considerations

current + future, safer and low-risk developments, laws, post-disaster planning & relocation

Regulations

protect existing developments, building regs.,

Improved preparedness

education, awareness, EWS,

Education

improved awareness, improved perception of H+R

EWS

int. agreement in 1965 = global network, predict wave height and arrival time

EWS limitations

Palu = need to be cautious of positioning of buoys/monitoring points

Needs to be implemented into evacuation/preparedness plans

Accuracy and warning times need improving

Case study: Management

Tokyo = sea defences

Global/Japan = GPS EWS

Oregon/Global = Mangroves

Japanese sea defence

dynamic sea wall system utilising micro-tidal energy to generate power and raise gates

successful across a number of japanese ports

GPS EWS

tsunami waves reduce electron density affecting GPS

increased global warning

Mangrove CS

research winner 2020 - Kelty et al., 2021

quantify how efficiently & effectively reduce wave energy

CS: Policy and Reg

Newport and Tonga

Newport

building heights on coastal zones changed to increase height and create tsunami evacuation towers and zones

Tonga

HTHH —> strengthen disaster resilience and new legislation in DM

Weather ready pacific programme