CH. 50 Antihypertensives

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Normal Blood Pressure

Systolic BP below 120 mm Hg and diastolic BP below 80 mm Hg.

Elevated Blood Pressure

Systolic BP of 120 to 129 mm Hg and diastolic BP greater than 80 mm Hg.

Stage 1 Hypertension

Systolic BP of 130 to 139 mm Hg or diastolic BP greater than 80 to 89 mm Hg.

Stage 2 Hypertension

Systolic BP greater than 140 mm Hg or diastolic BP greater than 90 mm Hg.

Primary Hypertension

No identifiable cause, chronic progressive disorder, commonly affecting older adults, African Americans, and postmenopausal women.

Secondary Hypertension

Hypertension with an identifiable primary cause, possible to treat directly and may lead to a cure in some individuals.

Consequences of Hypertension

Includes heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke.

Sodium Restriction

Recommended lifestyle change for managing hypertension.

DASH diet

Dietary approach to stop hypertension.

Diuretics

Antihypertensive drugs classified into loop, thiazide, and potassium-sparing.

Sympatholytics

Antiadrenergic drugs including beta-adrenergic blockers, alpha 1 blockers, and adrenergic neuron blockers.

Hydralazine

A direct-acting vasodilator used in treating hypertension.

ACE Inhibitors

Drugs that suppress the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RASS).

Antihypertensive drugs for pregnancy

Chronic hypertension treatments like ACE inhibitors and ARBs are contraindicated; hydralazine is preferred during preeclampsia.

Calcium Channel Blockers

A class of antihypertensive drugs used to manage high blood pressure.