Government Test

Schenck vs US

• Schenck thinks the US draft unconstitutional due to the 13th amendment

• Encourages people to not listen to the draft by spreading pamphlets

• US wins because this is considered clear and present danger to US

Brandenburg vs Ohio

• KKK leader(Brandenburg) says they will seek revengeance

• Brandenburg wins because revengeance is not specified and doesn’t present any danger

Tinker vs Des Moines

• Kids show up to school wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam war

• They get suspended

• Tinker wins because clothing is covered under free speech, it wasn’t a distraction, and the rule not allowing it was targeted

Morse vs Frederick

• Students bring a banner saying “Bong Hits 4 Jesus”

• They get suspended

• Morse wins because the banner promoted illegal activity

Texas vs Johnson

• Protest Reagan’s policies by burning an American flag

• Texas has a law against burning important objects

• Johnson wins because it was his property and is covered under symbolic protest

Passing a Bill

1. Idea

2. Draft it

3. Send to floor - if House goes into a hopper, if senate on a calendar

4. Committee

5. Sub committee

6. Committee

7. Floor - debate + vote

8. Other house

9. President

Filibuster

• senate only

• minority party only

• kill a bill

3rd Party Canidates

• Main parties are green and libertarian

• Run to build following, stream views, raise money, and alter elections

Benefits of Congress

• Salary = 173500

• Pension

• Insurance for life

• Free “work” travel

• congressional immunity

Labels for Democrats

• Donkey

• Blue

• Left

• Liberal/Progressives (definitely left)

• Radical (all the way left)

Labels for Republicans

• red

• right

• elephant

• GOP

• conservative (definitely right)

• Reactionaries (all the way right)

Moderates

Middle Ground

Gerrymandering

Redraw district lines to favor a political party

Requirements to be a senator

• Live in state you represent

• Citizen for 9 years

• 30 years old

Requirements to be a Representative

• Live in district you represent

• citizen for 7 years

• 25 years old

Name of someone being represented

Constituent

Voting members in house/total members in house

435/441

Special Jobs of the house

• Power of the Purse - all laws about money start in house

• Impeach Officials

• Decide elections if no one wins electoral college

Jobs of Senate

• Trial - 67% for removal

  → for impeachment

  → Senators = jury

• choose VP in same scenario

Abortion

Rep - pro life

Dem - pro choice

Gun control

Rep - bump stock ban, background checks, enforce current laws, against red flag laws

Dem - bump stock ban, assault weapons ban, ban on high capacity mags, pro red flag laws, universal background checks

LGBTQ Rights

Rep - Anti

Dem - Pro

Border

Rep - wall, more border agents, national guard at border, deport more illegals

Dem - Tech security, fund more border agents, deport criminals

Healthcare

Rep - get insurance from job or buy it yourself, or you don’t get it

Dem - Obamacare - job, yourself, or gov’t option, or no insurance

Spending

Rep - Police and Border

Dem - Education and Healthcare

Taxes

Rep - Cut taxes for weathy + corps

Dem - Increase taxes for wealthy + corps, close loopholes

Environment

Rep - Slow transition to renewables, pro coal, oil, natural gas

Dem - stronger laws, harsher penalties, renewable energy

Establishment Clause

- no official religion of the U.S

Free Exercise Clause

• You can practice your religion however you want - as long as it is constitutional

Gov’t can punish you for saying

• Threats

• Encouraging crime

• Perjury - lying under oath

• Slander/Libel →Lies to damage someones reputation

• releasing confidential info

• blackmail

• “fighting words”

Free Press

• speak freely against gov’t

• see all news

• access to social media

• little to no censorship

• safety of journalists

Commander in Chief

• Military decisions

• Deploy Troops with Congressional Approval

  War Powers Act of 1973

  • Threat to US = president can send troops to area for 60 days with 30 days for removal

  • POTUS must inform congress within 48 hours

  • After 60 days congress decides how long they stay.

  AUMF

  • POTUS and send troops to fight those responsible for 9/11

• Medal of Honor

• Pick Advisors - secretary of defense

Chief Executive

Executive Orders

1. Most are used to enforce laws

2. Laws are generally pretty vague(not specific)

3. Getting rid of E.O.

   • Another president uses an E.O. to cancel

   • The Supreme Court can rule unconstitutional

   • Congress passes more specific law

   Examples:

1. Emancipation Proclamation

2. E.O. 9066 -> Internment of Japanese Americans

Chief Diplomat

State dinners

*Negotiate the release of Americans

*Talking with foreign leaders

*Negotiate:

• Trade

• Alliances

• Treaties

*Appoint Ambassadors

• Sec. of State

Chief Legislator

• Influence and shape the legislative process

• Sign/Veto/Pocket veto bills

• Recommend bills

• Mediate compromise

Example: Raegan met with the White House Speaker regarding a tax bill

Chief of State

• Figurehead

• Medal of Freedom ceremony

• Champions to White House

• Turkey Pardon

• White House Correspondents Dinner (“Nerd Prom”)

Example: Biden hosted a state dinner for the president of Kenya

Party Chief

De facto leader of a party Supports members of the party  Example: Reagan’s VP ran for president, and Reagan endorsed, helping him win

Primary

Vote

Caucus

Meeting

Picking VP

Balancing the Ticket = Match weakness

Succession

• VP

• Speaker of the House

• Pres. Pro Tempore

• Secretary of State

• Treasury

• Defense

Electoral votes to win

270

Misdemeanor

• less severe

• simple, serious, and aggravated

Felony

• more severe

• A,B,C,D

Criminal Trial

• Accused of breaking the law

• Lose freedom +/or money

• Bill of Rights

• Guilty = “Beyond a Reasonable Doubt”

Civil Trials

• Lawsuit

• Lose money/property

• 7th Amendment, Witnesses, Fair Trial

• Liability(Responsibility) = “Preponderance of the Evidence” (majority)

Supreme Court

• 1 chief justice (John Roberts)

• 8 associate justices -> Clarence Thomas, Samuel Leto, Sonyo, Elaina Cagen, Amy Barrett, Neil Goresch

• To be on the supreme court you just have to be an American citizen