M2 MODULARS

Which organelle is responsible for immediate protein processing after the process of translation?

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A. Mitochondrion

D. Golgi apparatus

B. Endoplasmic reticulum

C. Ribosome

D. Golgi apparatus

Which of the following statement is INCORRECT about a prokaryote?

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A. Their cells do not contain membrane bound organelles.

B. The central dogma in prokaryotes is compartmentalized.

C. Their genetic materials are present only in the cytosol.

D. They contain ribosomes.

B. The central dogma in prokaryotes is compartmentalized.

Which of the following is TRUE of proteins?

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A. Their building blocks are called peptides.

B. Their building blocks are held by very strong H-bonds.

C. The sequence of the building blocks of a protein dictates its primary structure.

D. They carry hereditary information.

C. The sequence of the building blocks of a protein dictates its primary structure.

What is the distinguishable group or moiety found in arginine's R group?

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C. Guanido

A. Indole

D. Thioether

B. Imidazole

C. Guanido

Rotation of polarized light is possible in solutions of all of the following amino acids EXCEPT:

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C. alanine

A. serine

D. glycine

B. leucine

D. glycine

Replacement of Val in the peptide Ala-Val-Ser with Gln will make the peptide:

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A. more positive

C. more polar

B. more negative

D. less polar

C. more polar

Which of the following will give a different results in the Ninhydrin Test?

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A. R

C. Y

B. F

D. P

D. P

Which test detects the presence of aromatic amino acids?

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A. Ninhydrin Test

C. Sakaguchi Test

B. Xanthoproteic Test

D. Millon-Nasse Test

B. Xanthoproteic Test

Which reagent is specific for tryptophan?

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A nitric acid

B. lead sulfide

C. glyoxylic acid

D. A and B

C. glyoxylic acid

Which of the following are essential amino acids?

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A. Leucine

B. Tyrosine

C. Threonine

D. Two of the above

E. All of the above

D. Two of the above

Which of the following are aromatic amino acids?

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A. Tyrosine

B. Tryptophan

D. A and C

E. All of the above

C. Phenylalanine

E. All of the above

Which of the following amino acids are nonpolar?

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A. Tyrosine

B. Tryptophan

D. A and B

E. B and C

C. Lysine

B. Tryptophan

This level of organization describes the sequence of the amino acids dictated by the order of their peptide bonds.

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A. Primary

C. Tertiary

B. Secondary

D. Quaternary

A. Primary

Which stabilizes the helical or sheet-like shape of a peptide?

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A. ionic interactions

C. disulfide bonds

B. peptide bonds

D. hydrogen bonds

D. hydrogen bonds

Hemoglobin is a protein found in our red blood cells. It is responsible for oxygen transport. If hemoglobin is a protein which contains 4 subunits, what protein structure does it possess?

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A. Primary

B. Secondary

C. Tertiary

D. Quaternary

D. Quaternary

Process of disrupting the protein's native conformation without destroying it.

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A. Melting

C. Splicing

D. Hydrolysis destroying

B. Denaturation

B. Denaturation

A molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme is:

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A. Cofactor

C. Coenzyme

B. Prosthetic group

D. Substrate

D. Substrate

The protein portion of an enzyme is called:

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C. Holoenzyme

A. Prosthetic group

B. Apoenzyme

D. Zymogen

B. Apoenzyme

The enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase, converts ethanol to ethanal. It should have an EC number of:

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A. 1

C. 4

B. 3

D. 6

A. 1

In this type of inhibition, the Vmax decreases and the Km remains the same.

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A. competitive

C. uncompetitive

B. non-competitive

D. B and C

B. non-competitive

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

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A. Ribose is an aldopentose.

C. Glucose is an aldohexose.

B. Maltose is a ketohexose.

D. Galactose is an aldohexose.

B. Maltose is a ketohexose.

Glucose and mannose are epimers at:

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A. Carbon 2

C. Carbon 4

B. Carbon 3

D. Carbon 5

A. Carbon 2

These are types of bonds responsible for linking monosaccharides to form chains of carbohydrates:

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A. Peptide bonds

C. Glycosidic bonds

B. Phosphoanhydride bonds

D. Phosphodiester bonds

C. Glycosidic bonds

Alpha-naphthol test is also known as:

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A. Molisch Test

C. Anthrone Test

B. Ninhydrin Test

D. Benedict's Test

A. Molisch Test

The following are tests for reducing sugars, EXCEPT:

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A. Benedict's Test

C. Felling's Test

B. Barfoed's Test

D. Seliwanoffs Test

D. Seliwanoffs Test

Specific test for galactose.

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A. Osazone Test

C. Mucic Acid Test

B. Kowarsky Test

D. Phloroglucinol Test

C. Mucic Acid Test

Identify the unknown sugar that yields the followings tests:

Fehling's Test: brick-red ppt. reducing

Barfoed's Test: fast production of brick-red ppt. mono

Mucic acid Test: soluble

Bial's Test: green solution pentose

Seliwanoffs Test: cherry-red solution ketose

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A. Ribulose

C. Fructose

B. Ribose

D. Galactose

A. Ribulose

These are substances grouped together on the basis of their insolubility in water and solubility in most organic solvents.

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A. Carbohydrates

C. Lipids

D. Nucleic acids

B. Proteins

C. Lipids

Saturated Fatty Acid with 12 carbons:

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A. Capric acid

C. Myristic acid

B. Lauric acid

D. Palmitic acid

B. Lauric acid

This lipid provides stored energy and insulation:

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A. Triacylglycerol (Triglycerides)

B. Phospholipids

C. Spingolipids

D. Cholesterol

A. Triacylglycerol (Triglycerides)

The following are important functions of cholesterol, EXCEPT:

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A. It regulates the fluidity of cell membranes.

B. It acts as a precursor for bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones.

C. It is the main sterol form found in plants.

D. It is important in the production of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones.

C. It is the main sterol form found in plants.

Building blocks of nucleic acids:

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A. Nucleotides

B. Nucleosides

C. Amino acids

D. Purine and pyrimidine bases

A. Nucleotides

What is the composition of a nucleoside?

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A. Sugar + phosphate

B. Base + phosphate

C. Base + sugar

D. Base + sugar + phosphate

C. Base + sugar

The following are examples of pyrimidines, EXCEPT:

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A. Cystosine

B. Uracil

C. Thymine

D. Adenine

D. Adenine

This nitrogenous base can only be found in the structure of RNA

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A. A

C. C

B. G

D. U

D. U

Which direction does genetic information flow during gene expression?

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A. DNA -› Protein -> RNA

C. RNA - Protein - DNA

B. Protein -> RNA - DNA

D. DNA -> RNA -> Protein

D. DNA -> RNA -> Protein

Degeneracy of the genetic code refers to the fact that:

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A. Codons do not overlap

B. There are more codons than amino acids

C. Code is not universal

D. The genetic code is not always a triple code

B. There are more codons than amino acids

Which of the following is the initiation codon?

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A. AUG

B. UGA

C. CUA

D. GAA

A. AUG

This type of mutation causes changes in the coded amino acid.

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A. Silent

B. Missense

C. Nonsense

D. Transverse

B. Missense

Which of the following is TRUE about glycolysis?

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A. It results to increased blood sugar.

B. It aims to produce acetyl-CoA from glucose.

C.It is catabolic.

D. The last five steps consume energy.

C.It is catabolic.

Enzyme/s which catalyze the irreversible reactions in glycolysis.

I. PFK 1

II. Hexokinase

Ill. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

IV. Pyruvate kinase

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A. I

B. I, II

C. I, II, III

D. I, II, IV

D. I, II, IV

Which enzyme catalyzes the substrate-level phosphorvlation step in the Krebs' Cycle?

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A. aconitase

C. malate dehydrogenase

B. citrate synthase

D. succinyl-CoA synthetase

D. succinyl-CoA synthetase

It occurs during hypoglycemia together with an increase in glucagon, thereby stimulating the utilization of non-carbohydrates to increase blood sugar.

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A. Glycolysis

C. Gluconeogenesis

B. Glycogenesis

D. Glycogenolysis

C. Gluconeogenesis

Which is not an enzyme used in gluconeogenesis?

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A. Pyruvate carboxylase

B. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

C. PEP carboxykinase

D. Fructose-1,6-bisphophatase

B. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

What GSD involves deficiency of glycogen synthase?

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A. GSD 0

B. GSD 1 - von Gierke's Disease

C. GSD 2 - Pompe's Disease

D. GSD 3 - Cori's Disease

A. GSD 0

Which is the precursor of all purine nucleotides?

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A. Orotidine monophosphate (OMP)

C. Xanthosine monophosphate (XMP)

B. Inosine monophosphate (IMP)

D. Uridine monophosphate (UMP)

B. Inosine monophosphate (IMP)

Which is the precursor of all pyrimidine nucleotides?

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A. Orotidine monophosphate (OMP)

C. Xanthosine monophosphate (XMP)

B. Inosine monophosphate (IMP)

D. Uridine monophosphate (UMP)

A. Orotidine monophosphate (OMP)

Which of the following pairs of amino acid and their derivative is CORRECT?

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A. Tyrosine: Epinephrine

C. Glycine: Niacin

B. Tryptophan: GABA

D. Serine: nitric oxide

A. Tyrosine: Epinephrine

Which of the following pathways does not occur at all inside the mitochondrion, nor within the mitochondrial membranes?

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A. Urea cycle

B. Citric acid cycle

C. Glycolysis

D. Beta-oxidation

C. Glycolysis

The Thalleioquin reaction is used to identify this alkaloid:

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A. Caffeine

C. Atropine

B. Quinine

D. Morphine

B. Quinine

A pyridine-piperidine alkaloid used as a CNS stimulant and smoking deterrent under the brand name Bantron.

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A. Arecoline

C. Scopolamine

B. Nicotine

D. Lobeline

D. Lobeline

Which of the following is not a liquid alkaloid?

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A. Conine

C. Nicotine

B. Atropine

D. Sparteine

B. Atropine

A mixture of morphine and cocaine used as analgesic in terminally ill cancer patients.

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A. Paregoric Elixir

C. Dover's Powder

B. Laudanum

D. Brompton's Cocktail

D. Brompton's Cocktail

The following are components of Compound Benzoin Tincture, EXCEPT:

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A. Benzoin

B. Arecolin

C. Storax

D. Tolu Balsam

B. Arecolin

Which of the following are fixed oils used for intramuscular injection?

I. Sesame Oil

Il. Coconut Oil

IIl. Corn Oil

IV. Peanut Oil

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A. I, II, III, IV

C. II, Ill, and IV

B. I, lI, and IV

D. I, lIl, and IV

D. I, lIl, and IV

The method of obtaining volatile oil that utilizes sharp tiny projection where a specimen can be rolled.

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A. Ecuelle a piquer

C. Enfleurage

B. Enzymatic Action

D. Distillation

A. Ecuelle a piquer

The pathologic product of sperm whales used as a base for perfume.

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A. Spermaceti

C. Musk

B. Ambergris

D. Civet

B. Ambergris

In the processing of cow's milk, the liguid separated from the coagulum is called:

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A. Whey

B. Cheese

C. Buttermilk

D. Skim

A. Whey

Rutin and Hesperidin in combination is also known as:

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A. Vitamin F

B. Vitamin P

C. Vitamin H

D. Vitamin U

B. Vitamin P

This enzyme is found in almonds, and it causes the hydrolysis of beta glucosides (i.e. Amygdalin hydrolyzed into glucose, benzaldehyde, and HCM.) It consists of a mixture of 2 enzymes: prunase and amygdalase.

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A. Invertase

B. Myrosin

C. Emulsin

D. Maltase

C. Emulsin

Which of the following are TRUE for the phytochemical screening tests?

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A. The Guignard Test is useful for detecting cyanogenic glycosides.

B. The Bomtrager Test is useful for detecting anthrones.

C. The Wilstatter-Cyanidin Test is useful for detecting cyanophore glycosides.

D. All of the above

A. The Guignard Test is useful for detecting cyanogenic glycosides.

The aglycone released from arbutin is:

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A. Acrinylisothiocyanate

B. Allylisothiocyanate

C. Hydroquinone

D. Mandelonitrile

C. Hydroquinone

This is an antifungal produced from the pyrolysis of castor oil.

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A. Azelaic acid

B. Undecylic acid

C. Undecylenic acid

D. None of the above

C. Undecylenic acid

Known as the deliberate addition of spurious material to a genuine portion with the intent to defraud.

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A. Admixture

B. Sophistication

C. Substitution

D. Deterioration

B. Sophistication

In the perfumery industry, volatile oils are classified into tiers of notes. These note of volatile oils have low volatility and high tenacity. They are often labelled as "fixatives" because of their staying power.

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A. Base Note

B. Middle Note

C. Intermediate Note

D. Top Note

A. Base Note

What is the correct sequence in the preparation of crude drugs?

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A Collection -> Harvesting -> Drying -> Curing -> Packaging → Garbling

B. Collection -> Harvesting → Drying - Curing -> Garbling -> Packaging

C. Harvesting -> Collection -> Drying -> Curing -> Garbling -> Packaging

D. Harvesting -> Collection → Drying -> Curing → Packaging -> Garbling

B. Collection -> Harvesting → Drying → Curing -> Garbling -> Packaging

The following statements regarding isothiocyanate glycosides are TRUE:

I. Constituent of black mustard is sinalbin.

Il. White mustard is Sinapis alba.

III. Sinigrin + myrosin = acrinyl isothiocyanate

IV. Black mustard contains the more volatile isothiocyanate glycoside.

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A. I, II

B. III, IV

C. II, IV

D. I, III

C. II, IV

It was previously used as a poison and is derived from Tonka beans.

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A. Dicoumarol

B. Coumarin

C. Clover

D. Vanilla

B. Coumarin

Sanguinaria canadensis

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A. Purine

B. Isoquinoline

C. Steroidal

D. Indole

E. Imidazole

B. Isoquinoline

Rauwolfia serpentina

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A. Purine

B. Isoquinoline

C. Steroidal

D. Indole

E. Imidazole

D. Indole

Cola nitida

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A. Purine

B. Isoquinoline

C. Steroidal

D. Indole

E. Imidazole

A. Purine

Glandular trichomes

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A. Lamiaceae

B. Pinaceae

C. Piperaceae

D. Rutaceae

E. Apiaceae

A. Lamiaceae

Vittae

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A. Lamiaceae

B. Pinaceae

C. Piperaceae

D. Rutaceae

E. Apiaceae

E. Apiaceae

Modified parenchymal cells

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A. Lamiaceae

B. Pinaceae

C. Piperaceae

D. Rutaceae

E. Apiaceae

C. Piperaceae

Cinnamomum camphora

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A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

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A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

Myristica fragrans

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A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

Coriandrum sativum

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A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

Gaultheria procumbens

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A. Phenolic Ether V.O.

B. Alcohol V.O.

C. Aldehyde V.O.

D. Ketone V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

E. Ester V.O.

Citrulus vulgaris

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A. Amarillo

B. Balimbing

C. Dita

D. Kamias

E. Pakwan

E. Pakwan

Tagetes erecta

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A. Amarillo

B. Balimbing

C. Dita

D. Kamias

E. Pakwan

A. Amarillo

Averrhoa bilimbi

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A. Amarillo

B. Balimbing

C. Dita

D. Kamias

E. Pakwan

D. Kamias

Alstonia scholaris

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A. Amarillo

B. Balimbing

C. Dita

D. Kamias

E. Pakwan

C. Dita

Averrhoa carambola

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A. Amarillo

B. Balimbing

C. Dita

D. Kamias

E. Pakwan

B. Balimbing

Which of the following biomolecules is not a polymer?

a. Protein

b. Fats

c. Carbohydrate

d. Nucleic acid

b. Fats

ETC occurs in which part/organelle of the cell?

a. Cytosol

b. Nucleus

c. Ribosomes

d. Mitochondria

d. Mitochondria

Which of the following is the precursor of dopamine

a. Phenylalanine

b. Tyrosine

c. Serine

d. Arginine

b. Tyrosine

Which of the following stabilizes the primary structure?

a. Ionic interactions

b. Peptide bonds

c. Disulfide bonds

d. Two of the choices

b. Peptide bonds

This nonessential amino acid is used to shuttle end products of metabolism in the muscle to the liver for gluconeogenesis

a. Phenylalanine

b. Arginine

c. Alanine

d. Histidine

c. Alanine

What is the characteristic R group of tryptophan?

a. Thiol

b. Indole

c. Phenol

d. Guanidino

b. Indole

What is the characteristic R group of isoleucine?

a. Isobutyl

b. Sec-butyl

c. Isopropyl

d. Methyl

b. Sec-butyl

What is the characteristic R group of tyrosine?

a. Thiol

b. Thioether

c. Phenol

d. Guanidino

c. Phenol

Used in one of the first sequencing techniques for proteins, and was critical in the deduction of the insulin structure

a. Sanger reagent

b. Edman reagent

c. Cyanogen bromide

d. Aminopeptidase

b. Edman reagent

Which are the amidic amino acids?

a. Q and E

b. D and E

c. N and Q

d. D and N

c. N and Q

This variable can be plotted against enzyme velocity to yield a hyperbolic plot

a. pH

b. Enzyme

c. Substrate

d. Temperature

c. Substrate

This refers to any nonprotein portion of the holoenzyme

a. Coenzyme

b. Zymogen

c. Apoenzyme

d. Cofactor

a. Coenzyme

The enzyme with EC number 3.1.1.3 belongs to what class?

a. Transferase

b. Isomerase

c. Oxidoreductase

d. Hydrolase

d. Hydrolase

The following statements are true, except?

a. Cofactors are organic or metal ions required by certain enzymes to carry out catalysis

b. Many coenzymes are derived from vitamins

c. Coenzymes can either be organic or inorganic

d. None of the above

c. Coenzymes can either be organic or inorgani

These enzymes facilitate the removal of a certain functional group in a biochemical process

a. Lyase

b. Ligase

c. Oxidoreductases

d. Transferases

a. Lyase

These enzymes facilitate condensation reactions that connect carbon chains together

a. Lyase

b. Ligase

c. Oxidoreductases

d. Transferases

b. Ligase