KNOW T UNIT 19

adrenergic

Pertaining to nerve fibers that, when stimulated, release norepinephrine or epinephrine at synapses

affective

Pertaining to an emotion or mental state; feeling, mood, emotional response

anticholinergic

An agent that blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses

anxiolytic

a dissolution of anxiety

bioavailability

The rate and extent to which an active agent, drug, or metabolite enters the general circulation. Bioavailability of such a substance is determined either by measuring the concentration of the drug in body fluids (blood) or by the magnitude of the pharmacologic response.

catecholamine

Biochemical substances, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, that have a marked effect on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, metabolic rate, temperature, and smooth muscle.

dopamine

A catecholamine synthesized in adrenergic nerve terminals, the adrenal gland, and other sites in the central nervous system. It acts to increase the force of contraction of the heart and blood pressure, especially the systolic phase. It also increases urinary output

endogenous

Pertaining to being produced or arising from within a cell or organism

extrapyramidal

Pertaining to outside the pyramidal tracts of the central nervous system. The extrapyramidal system is involved in body movement and posture.

limbic system

A group of brain structures that is activated by motivated behavior and arousal. The endocrine and autonomic motor nervous systems are influenced by the limbic system

neuroleptic

An agent or drug that modifies psychotic behavior; in general, synonymous with antipsychotic.

norepinephrine

A hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. It is chiefly a vasoconstrictor.

orthostatic hypotension

A condition in which there is a decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure below normal. It is due to a sudden change in body position, especially when arising from a lying position toa standing position.

serotonin

A chemical present in gastrointestinal mucosa, platelets, mast cells, and carcinoid tumors. It is a vasoconstrictor and affects sleep and sensory perception.

tyramine

Intermediate product in the conversion of tyrosine to epinephrine. Tyramine is found in most chesses, beer, and protein foods that are aged.