Social Chapter 4: Collective Rights (copy)

Affirm

To assert or confirm the validity of something.

Collective Identity

The shared identity of a group, shaped by common characteristics, experiences, and culture.

Collective Rights

Rights held by a group rather than by individuals, often recognized in Indigenous contexts.

First Nations

Indigenous peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis; they have distinct rights and cultures.

Indian

A term historically used to refer to Indigenous peoples in North America.

Law

A system of rules created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself and make decisions independently.

Annuity

A fixed sum of money paid to indigenous people each year; written in the treaties.

Reserve

Land set aside by the government for the use of Indigenous peoples, often subject to specific regulations and limitations.

Entrenching

The act of incorporating rights into a constitution or legal framework to secure their permanence.

Patriate

To give something to the country it belongs to.

Policy

A principle or course of action according to.

Assimilate

The process in which a minority group adopts the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture.

Ethnocentrism

The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others.

Eurocentrism

A worldview that centers European culture and its values as the dominant influence in the interpretation of history and culture.

Indian Act (1876)

A Canadian law that governs in matters pertaining to Indian status, local governments, and the management of reserve land.

Anglophone

A person whose first language is English.

Francophone

A person whose first language is French.

Autonomy

The right or condition of self-government, particularly in relation to Indigenous groups.

Official Language Community

Groups that speak one of Canada’s two official languages (English or French).

Official Language Minority

A community in Canada that speaks one of the official languages but is in the minority within a province or territory.

Publicly Funded

Paid for by the government, using taxes.

Scrip

A document that could be exchanged for land or money, historically used in negotiations with Indigenous peoples.

Indoctrinate

To teach someone to accept a set of beliefs uncritically.

Indian Agent

A government representative responsible for overseeing Indigenous communities and affairs.

Métis Rights

Rights recognized for the Métis people, encompassing land, cultural, and political rights as a distinct Indigenous group in Canada.

Numbered Treaties

Treaties signed between the Canadian government and Indigenous peoples, numbered sequentially to establish land rights and resource sharing.

Government's Perspective and Reasoning

The government aimed to promote settlement, access to resources, and peace with Indigenous populations while asserting control over land.

Law vs. Policy

Laws are formal regulations enforced by the government, while policies are guidelines that direct decision-making and actions.