Major and Minor Instruments - NCM 109 RLE

Stainless Steel

a combination of: ✔ Carbon ✔ Iron ✔ Chromium ✔ Alloys ▪ Resistant to corrosion.

Carbon

If a metal has higher % of ______, it'll be stronger

Surgical Instruments

tools used by clinicians to perform surgical tasks, such as modifying biological tissue or providing access for viewing it.

Cutting/Dissecting Instruments

Used to cut, dissect, separate or excise tissue.

✔ Blades ✔ Scalpel Blade handles ✔ Knives

Knife Handle

KH means

Knife Blade

KB means

Knife Blade or KBs

are made of Carbon Steel and are loaded and removed with an instrument such as Needle Holder

Long

L stands for ______ which means Long Handle

Miniature Blade Handle w/Chuck

sed for procedures that require very small incisions such as Eye Cases.

Beaver Handle

specifically designed to hold small Beaver Blades.

#69

The most used size of beaver blade

Chuck

device used to tighten the blade onto the handle

Scissors

Sharp cutting edges varying in lengths and construction. ● May be used for sharp or blunt dissection, depending on use. ● Specialized scissors are used on specific tissue

Mayo Scissors

"Suture scissor" ➢ Aid in tissue dissection on the surface or in the depth; its purpose is to incise the skin and the tissue during surgical procedures.

Metzenbaum Scissors

➢ "Metz" ➢ specially manufactured for performing BLUNT DISSECTIONS and cutting delicate and fine tissue.

Pott's Scissors

Finger ring instrument commonly used in trimming and opening valve in cardiovascular and thoracic procedures.

Iris Scissors

Originally use to dissect delicate tissue of the eye during ocular surgeries. It is now commonly used on sharp dissection of sensitive tissue on Neuro, Plastic surgery etc

Wire Scissors

Used for cutting suture in preparation of removal.

Bandage Scissors

Dressing scissor ➢ Commonly used in sizing dressing and removing circumferential bandages. ➢ It may also be used to cut tougher materials such as plastic and fabric.

Tissue Forceps

Used to grasp and manipulate tissues during surgical procedure. It comes with serrated jaws to guarantee a firm grasp over the tissue.

Thumb Forceps

This is non-ratchet style used to grasp and manipulate body tissue.

DeBakey Forceps

Used for holding and grasping delicate tissue, especially in cardiovascular procedures. ➢ This forcep plays a vital role in assessing thick tissue in small spaces where fingers couldn't serve.

Allis Forcep

Surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to hold or grasp heavy tissue.

Bobcock Forceps

Ratcheted, finger ring and non-perforating forcep, used to hold or grasp delicate tissue.

Tenaculum

Used to hold, grasp and move arteries and vessels. Commonly used in OB/Gyne procedures that require manipulation of uterus and cervix.

Hemostat

Surgical tool used to control bleeding by clamping and holding blood vessels so cauterization and ligation can be performed.

Clamping Instruments

Instruments used to occlude or constrict tissue.

Retractors

Used to hold an incision open, hold back tissues or other objects to maintain a clear surgical field, or reach other structures. They can either be hand-held or self-retaining via a ratcheting mechanism

Deaver Retractor

Used to hold back abdominal wall during abdominal or thoracic procedures.

Army Navy Retractor

Used in surgical procedures where the need arises for retracting soft tissue or organs

Weitlaner Retractor

"Wheaty" used to expose deep and smaller surgical sites.

Richardson Retractor

"Rich" used to hold back deep tissue structures.

Malleable Retractor

Can be bent and customized; used to protect intestines during abdominal procedures.

Rake Retractor

Hand-held retractor with sharp teeth used to hold back surface structures.

Bookwalter Retractor

Self-retaining retractor system that is anchored to the operating table.

Suction

Help to remove debris and fluid from the surgical field. It can also be used to clear surgical smoke.

Yankauer Suction Tube

Used primarily for surface suction and some intra-abdominal suction.

Poole Suction Tube

Used to remove large amounts of fluid from the surgical field.

Frazier Suction Tip

Used primarily in ENT and neurosurgery. Usually angled.

Staplers and Clips

Used for reanastomosis of viscera, vessel ligation, and excision of specimens. Can be one-time use, reloadable, manual, or electronically powered. Staples come in multiple sizes.

Linear Stapler

Creates a linear staple line, no cutting. Used in ligation and anastomosis, may be curved.

Linear Cutter

Creates a linear cut and immediately staples both free edges.

Circular Cutter

Performs circular cut and staple. Used for reanastomis of hollow viscera

Clips

Used in the ligation of vessels, may be metal or absorbable material. Open and Lap applicators.

Energy Systems

Broad term used to describe various methods of cutting tissue or sealing vessels. May use electricity or sonic waves. Available in open or laparoscopic forms.

Electrosurgery

Instrument that cuts or cauterizes tissue via an alternating electrical current.

Ultrasonic

Uses high frequency sound to concurrently cut and seal tissue. Less thermal spread than electrosurgery, but more time consuming.

Endostapler

Used in laparoscopic procedures, provides simultaneous cutting and stapling. May be manual or electronic.

Laparoscopic Instruments

Many instruments are similar to those used in open surgery, adapted to fit through narrow ports placed through the skin. Laparoscopic work is then conducted via the ports

Light Source

Fiber optic cable connected to lens and illuminates field of vision.

Insufflator

Injects carbon dioxide into the abdominal cavity to create a working space for trocar placement and surgical procedures.

Veress Needle

One method of achieving pneumoperitoneum. Consists of blind placement of needle into abdomen and subsequent injection of gas.

Trocars

Transabdominal working ports where laparoscopic instruments are inserted. Also for insufflation or removal of specimens.

Cardiothoracic Surgery

Cardiopulmonary bypass, bronchoscopy, and equipment for minimally invasive thoracic procedures are frequently encountered.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass

method used to divert blood away from the heart and lungs temporarily when surgery of the heart and major vessels is performed

Bronchoscope

Endoscope narrow enough to view, aspirate, or remove specimens from airway and branches.

Video-Assisted Thorascopic Surgery

Minimally invasive surgical technique for procedures in the thorax.

Urologic Surgery

Minimally invasive cystoscopic equipment is frequently used for both visualization and performing procedures

Cytoscope

instrument used for visual examination of the bladder

Ureteral Stent

insertion of a thin tube into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of urine flow from the kidney

Hysteroscopic Guided Surgery

a minimally invasive gynecological procedure that examines and treats the inside of the uterus. It's performed using a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope

Orthopedic Surgery

Joint replacements and other procedures require specialized equipment.

Arthroscope

instrument used to look into a joint

Orthopedic Implants

foreign material used to stabilize, fic, or replace bone structures

Rongeur

Surgical instrument used to cut and trim, or remove the bone

Bone Saw

Battery powered and used for cutting bone, either free hand or with the assistance of a jig.

Robot Surgical System

Electronically powered instrument usually with multiple arms and interchangeable surgical tools.

Surgeon Console

A robotic system component in which the surgeon sits or stands to manipulate the surgical instruments remotely and control other devices used in the system

Robotic Arms

Apparatus holding surgical instruments, allows for increased range of motion over laparoscopy through articulating instrument heads.

Needles

come in many shapes and cutting edges for various applications.

Suture

can be absorbable, non absorbable, and is available in different sizes.

Tapered Needle

A suture needle that has a round body that tapers to a sharp point. Commonly used in softer tissue

Conventional Cutting Needle

Needle is triangular with sharp edges, and one edge faces the inside of the curved needle. Used for tougher tissues such as skin.

5-11

Size of the Suture.

Instrument Sets

Standardized according to specialty / procedure. ➢ Set names may vary from facility to facility

WHO Surgical Safety Checklist

a tool designed to reduce errors and complications in surgery. It consists of a 19-item list of prompts to improve teamwork and communication in the operating room

Sign In

Completed before the induction of anesthesia.

Time Out

Completed before the first incision, ensuring correct patient, procedure, and site.

Sign Out

Completed before key members of the operating team leave the room