Statistics Study Quiz: Chapters 1-5

Summation notation (∑)

Total sum of values

∑X² vs (∑X)²

Because squaring is applied before summation in ∑X²

Nominal scale measurement

Blood type (A, B, O)

Scale of measurement with true zero

Ratio

Experimental vs non-experimental study

Experimental studies manipulate variables; non-experimental studies do not

Population parameter notation

μ (population mean)

Purpose of a frequency distribution

To organize data into categories with corresponding frequencies

Formula for the sum of frequencies

N = ∑fX

Graphical representation for continuous data

Histogram

Cumulative frequency

A running total of frequencies up to a certain point

Measure of central tendency affected by extreme values

Mean

Best measure of central tendency for ordinal data

Median

Variability in a data distribution

The differences between scores and how spread out they are

Formula for the range in a dataset

Xmax - Xmin

Standard deviation measures

How scores are distributed around the mean

Difference between variance and standard deviation

Variance is the square of the standard deviation

What a z-score represents

The distance of a score from the mean in standard deviation units

z-score for X = 90 with mean 80 and SD 5

2.0

True about z-scores

The shape of the z-score distribution is the same as the original distribution

Meaning of a z-score of -2.00

The score is 2 standard deviations below the mean