Bio 160 concept 2.3 chemical transformations involve energy and energy transfers

Kinetic energy

Energy of movement (ex: thermal, sound, and electromagnetic energy

Potential energy

Stored energy (ex: gravitational, elastic, chemical, and nuclear energy

Thermodynamics

Changes in energy are governed by the laws of thermodynamics

Biology energy essentials

Molecules and compounds have potential energy(stored energy) that can be released during chemical reactions and used by the cells to do cellular(kinetic energy)

Reactants to chemical reaction to products

Reactants: can be elements or single atoms or molecules or compounds, beginning of chemical reaction

Chemical reaction: occurs and we have products or result of chemical reaction

Entropy: a measure of disorder or how spread out energy is or how much is unusable

1.) amount of energy before chemical reactions equals amount of unusable energy after chemical reaction occurs so equals amount of energy we have in products (1st law)

2.) some energy after chemical reactions will be unusable energy (2nd law)

3.) living organisms often have series of chemical reactions, amount of unusable energy will increase from from initial reactants to final products (2nd law)