Pharmacology Flashcards Quiz 1 (Day 5)

14 items, 3 rows at a time, 4 sessions per day

57) What does pharmacotherapeutic mean? 

What the drug is used for

58) What does pharmacodynamics mean? 

How the drug affects the organism

59) What does pharmacokinetics mean?

How the organism affects the drug (duration of the drug)

60) What are the 4 phases in pharmacokinetics, in order?

• Absorption

• Distribution

• Metabolism

• Excretion/Clearance

61) What are four transport mechanisms that a drug can use to cross membranes?

• Passive diffusion

• Facilitated diffusion

• Aqueous channels

• Active transport

62) In which of the four transport mechanisms is energy used? 

Active transport

63) In which of the four transport mechanisms is a carrier protein needed?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

64) What are the 4 drug-associated factors that influence absorption?

• Ionization state

• Molecular weight

• Solubility (water vs lipid soluble)

• Formulation (solution vs tablet)

65) What is the patient-associated factor that influences drug absorption? 

Depends on route of administration

66) Regarding patient-associated factors that influence absorption: What are 3 ways that absorption of oral medicines is affected by the patient?

• The presence of food in the GI tract slow absorption of oral meds.

• Excess or decreased stomach acidity affects absorption of oral meds.

• Decreased blood flow to the GI tract slows absorption of oral meds.

67) What are 3 things that affect drug distribution?

• Membrane permeability

• Plasma protein binding

• Depot storage

68) For a drug to enter an organ, what must the drug do?

It must permeate all membranes that separate that organ from the site of drug administration.

69) What is the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)?

The brain has protective cells that do not let most drugs through. That limits the number of drugs available to treat brain and spinal cord disorders, including anxiety and convulsions.

70) What common medicine for anxiety and convulsions can cross the BBB? 

Benzodiazepines (valium)