Marian Counter Reformation

Why did Mary believe it would help Englands position in Europe if the returned to Catholicism

Prevent foreign invasion

Enhance foreign policy

Strengthen ties with Spain

How many bishops were removed

7

4 imprisoned including Cramner

Royal Injunctions

Issued in 1554

Ordered bishops to suppress heresy, remove married clergy and restore Holy days

The removal of clergy

¼ of clergy deprived of livings because they were married

Heresy laws

1554

Return to Catholicism

Start of prosecution

Second Statute of Repeal

1554

End of Royal Supremacy

Repeal of all religious laws since break with Rome

Attempts at the Re-Catholicism of England

Pole tried to improve the quality of the Church e.g by new publications and regular visitations

Why were these attempts relatively ineffective

Mary was not an inspiring monarch

Her advisors were not intellectual or good debaters

Issue with printing propaganda

The persecution of Protestants

Executions began in 1554

Those who refused to accept Catholic belief and practice e.g Cranmer

Protestants in exile

800 protestants went abroad in exile to escape persecution

State of religion by the end of Mary’s reign

Neither Protestantism or Catholicism seemed to have a strong hold when Mary died