Semester 1 Final

Chauvet, France

Lascaux, France

Altamira, Spain

Ancient paintings have been discovered in several locations which include:

The Willendorf Venus

discovered in the country of Austria

megalith

refers to one of the “big stones” used in the construction of a site such as Stonehenge

cromlech

refers to the category of megalithic structures that includes Stonehenge

Sin

____, the god of the moon was considered the resident god at Ur

Babylonian Army

The _____ ____ is credited with capturing Jerusalem, destroying its temples, and deporting many of the Hebrews

Narmer

____, the ancient Egyptian leader, ruled circa 3,000 B.C.E and is credited with unifying both Upper and Lower Egypt

Amarna

the new style of art that was developed during the rule of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten was known as the ____ style

Pi

a dragon and Phoenix is found on a jade disc known as __

elaborately decorated homes

clay pipes which connected the toilet and bathes to sewers

straw which was used to reinforce the walls of their homes

Common among the people of Thera were:

Bull

The ___ was the creature which was associated with male virility and strength by the inhabitants of Crete

Pasiphae

____, the legendary Minoan queen is credited with giving birth to the Minotaur

Penelope

____ was the wife of Odysseus

Acropolis

the term____ is translated to mean “top of the city”, and refers to the portion of an ancient Greek city-state that functioned as its religious center

Agora

refers to the portion of an ancient Greek city-state that served as a public meeting place, marketplace, and civic center

Entasis

the columns swell about one-third of the way up and contract again near the top

Demes

a part of the Athenian political system and refers to small local areas comparable to precincts or wards

metopes

the illustrations in the ____ on the four sides of the Parthenon depicts battles between the Greeks and four enemies; The Trojans, giants, Amazons, and centaurs

Marcus Junius Brutus

_____ ______ ______ was among those who stabbed Gaius Julius Caesar on the floor of the senate

Imagines

refer to the wax death mask used to create the high level of naturalism in portrait busts

Augustus of Primaporta

In the sculpture of ______ __ _____, Cupid is pictured riding a dolphin

Ovid

Augustus did not view the writings of ____ favorably, thus permanently banishing him from Rome

Georgics

the literary pieces that celebrated Augustus’s gift of farmlands to veterans of the civil wars

ground floor- Tuscan

second floor- Ionic

third floor- Corinthian

each level of the Colosseum used a different architectural order:

Corinthian

architecture order favored by the Romans

“Eye of Jupiter”

The Pantheon contained an oculus, a circular opening at the top, which Hadrian conceived as the _____

patricians

refers to land-owning aristocrats who served as priests, magistrates, lawyers, and judges in ancient Rome

plebians

refers to the poorer class who were craftspeople, merchants, and laborers in ancient Rome

wergild

Anglo-Saxon law was based on the idea of the ____, or “life-price” of an individual

Beowulf

the epic poem, ____, provides an account of a Scandinavian warrior who rids a community of monsters that have ravaged the land

Augustine

credited with building a cathedral at Canterbury and a church dedicated to St. Paul in London

Bishop Eadfrith

designed the Lindisfarne Gospels

elephant tusk

Roland’s horn was made from the ivory of an elephant tusk

refectory

the dining hall where monks ate their meals

barrel vault

the elongated arched masonry structure spanning an interior space and shaped like a half cylinder

voussior

refers to wedge-shaped stones that form the arch in a Romanesque church

Chartes

considered the center of the cult of the Virgin throughout the twelfth and thirteenth century

Tunic Mary wore when she gave birth to Jesus

considered the most cherished relic at the Chartres Cathedral

Bible

the chief purpose of the stained-glass programs in all Gothic cathedrals was to tell stories of the ___

“Tree of Jesse”

One of the stained-glass windows at the Chartres Cathedral shows the genealogy of Christ. The

window called _____ depicts the Virgin Mary as descended from Jesse, the father of

King David, Thus fulfilling a prophecy in the book of Isaiah.

flying buttress

In a gothic church, the _____ _____ was traditionally built against an exterior wall to provide

support for more windows and brace it against strong winds.

The figure of Saint Theodore

found on the jamb of Chartres’ south transept portal stands in a contrapposto postition

grammar

rhetoric

dialect

the trivium consisted of:

Bolonga

the first city to found a university, establishing itself as a center for the study of law

Latin

mandatory, and students studied Latin in all of their courses of their first four years of study

Robert De Sorbon

played a significant role in organizing theology students in Paris

Peter Aberland

a logician and author of the treatise Sic et Non taught by dialectical method

Trotula

widely recognized as the author of On Diseases of Women

Thomas Aquinas

wrote the Summa Theologiae and was one of the prominent spokesmen for

Scholasticism

Sainte-Chapelle

The Gothic church at ____-_____ features the highest ratio of glass to stone.

Ambrogio Lorenzetti

credited with painting the fresco known as the Allegory of Good

Government.