Unit 6 APWH - Consequences of Industrialization (1750-1900)

Imperialism

The policy of extending a nation’s power and influence through territorial acquisition or political and economic control over other areas.

Reasons for Imperialism

Economic, political, and social motivations for nations to extend their territories and influence.

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often leading to a desire for national dominance.

Colonies

Territories seized and ruled directly by a nation, often involving governance by appointed officials.

Protectorate

A political entity that retains its local government but is under the control of a more powerful nation.

Sphere of Influence

An area where a foreign nation has exclusive trading rights, while local governments retain some other powers.

Social Darwinism

A belief that humans are subject to the same laws of natural selection as plants and animals, often used to justify imperialism.

White Man's Burden

The belief that Europeans had a moral responsibility to civilize the 'uncivilized' nations.

Berlin Conference (1884)

A meeting of European nations to establish rules for the colonization of Africa, held without any African representation.

David Livingstone

A missionary and explorer whose discoveries increased European interest in Africa.

Industrial Revolution

A period of major industrialization that led to increased demand for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods.

Cecil Rhodes

A British businessman known for his role in expanding the British Empire in Africa and establishing diamond mining.

Suez Canal

A man-made waterway in Egypt, crucial for trade, seized by Britain in 1882.

Apartheid

A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa that lasted for over 100 years.

African Resistance

Efforts by Africans to oppose European imperial rule, often met with defeat due to superior weaponry.

Exploitation

The act of using someone or something unfairly for one's own advantage, often seen in the context of imperialism.

Technological Development

Advancements in technology, including transportation and communication, introduced by Europeans during imperialism.

Colonial Power

A nation that establishes control over foreign territories, often through military force, economic dominance, or settlement.

Economic Motivation

The pursuit of markets, resources, and profits that drives nations to engage in imperialistic endeavors.

Impact of European Imperialism

The complex effects of colonial rule, including both advancements and negative consequences for colonized societies.