Exam 3 Review Key

Fusion

The process of combining two light nuclei into one heavier nucleus.

Fission

The process of splitting a nucleus into smaller parts.

Alpha particles

Particles consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons.

Beta particles

High-energy electrons released during beta decay.

Gamma radiation

Electromagnetic waves that have no mass or charge.

Half-life

The time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay.

Beta emission

A process that releases a high-energy electron.

Positron emission

A process that releases a positive electron (positron).

Electron capture

A process where an electron is absorbed by a nucleus.

Alpha decay

A process that emits an alpha particle, consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons.

Nuclear equation

An expression that shows the transformation of an element during a decay process.

High penetrating power

The ability of radiation (like gamma) to pass through materials.

Stopped by paper

A characteristic of alpha particles that makes them easily blocked.

Initial quantity

The original amount of a radioactive substance before decay.

Remaining quantity

The amount of radioactive substance left after a certain time.

Heaviest radiation

A characteristic describing alpha particles.

No charge

Describes photons and gamma rays, which carry no electrical charge.

Particles with charge

Particular types of radiation, such as alpha and beta particles.