i hate this class

Language is a form of communication spoken written or signed that is based on a system of what

Symbols

The basic unit of sound that affects meaning in a language is a

Phoneme

The units of meaning involved in word formation are called

Morphemes

Infinite generativity is the ability to produce and comprehend an infinite number of meaningful sentences using an infinite set of words and rules

True

For English-speaking infants what type of words are easiest to learn

Nouns

Telegraphic speech is characterized by

Short precise words without grammatical markers

Preschool children who say “We is going outside” are showing difficulty with

The auxiliary-inversion rule

An elementary school teacher helps students sound out words This is an example of

The phonics approach

The idea that letters represent sounds is known as

The alphabetic principle

When Juan moved to the US and stopped speaking Spanish he shows

Subtractive bilingualism

Using irony or wit to expose folly is called

Satire

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon becomes common in

Late adulthood

Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are in which part of the brain

Left hemisphere

Chomsky’s theory says humans are biologically prepared to learn language at a certain time This idea is

The language acquisition device (LAD)

A child who says “Ball” and the mom says “Yes We can play ball” is an example of

Expanding

A statement that does NOT reflect the interactionist view of language

Children’s ability cannot be explained by environmental differences alone

In English the sound represented by the letter p is a

Phoneme

Pragmatics refers to

The rules of using language in different contexts

A strong predictor of vocabulary skills according to Duncan and others (2023) is

Conversational turns

Loss or impairment of the language process is called

Aphasia

Which of the following is NOT true about the LAD

It has been physically located in the brain

Another word for child-directed speech is

Parentese

Dewey comprehends that he’s a 10-year-old boy who likes chess and peanut butter This shows his

Self-understanding

Which is NOT a main characteristic of self-understanding in young children

Symbolic descriptions

Ted understands his friends’ thoughts and feelings well He has strong

Perspective taking

Jana sees herself differently as a tomboy dancer and student This shows a

Fluctuating self

Adolescents tend to be egocentric and preoccupied with their self-understanding This is called

Self-consciousness

Judy reminisces about raising her children and reflects on her life This is an example of

Life review

Among adolescents self-esteem is most strongly tied to

Perceived physical appearance

Gender differences in self-esteem emerge during

Adolescence

A way to improve self-esteem is to

Develop competence in domains important to the self

Older adults who reported a high level of self-control felt

Younger

Contemporary theorists believe identity forms

In a gradual process across the lifespan

Thirteen-year-old Cody’s parents decide his career for him He is showing

Foreclosure

The ability to control behavior without help is called

Self-regulation

Curtis loves gardening but adjusts due to arthritis This shows

Selection

Adolescents with no commitments or exploration are in

Diffusion

Researchers studying identity through life stories use

The narrative approach

According to Catherine Cooper mutuality and permeability are part of

Connectedness

A term for the collective identity of people in a racial group is

Racial identity

Research shows women higher in this trait have better academic success

Conscientiousness

In Levinson’s theory the novice phase is about

Developing and testing a dream in the real world

Most researchers say the midlife crisis idea

Has been exaggerated

Which theory emphasizes the influence of life experiences on personality

Contemporary life-events theory

When adults want to pass down legacies to younger generations they show

Generativity

Identity is described as

Composed of many pieces

The dual cycle identity model consists of

Formation and maintenance

Life events often produce arousal that is

Prolonged spikes in

Who was not included in the Mills College study

Divorced women were not in the study

Brain damage that causes loss of speech

Broca’s aphasia

My baby and I are both focused on a big bus on the street This type of attention is called

Joint attention

I just want to hang out with my family neighbors or close friends What’s my age group

Middle adulthood

Why do some infants experience fear at a very young age

Because of the development of the amygdala

“Oh I’m SO in love” Which type of love is this

Passionate love

I think about what I would like to become and what I might become Which type of self is this

Possible self

I have a head injury and can understand language but can’t form words Where is the damage

Broca’s area

I’m having a feeling that’s very important to my well-being What is that feeling called

Emotion

Which type of personality was found to be most stable from the Berkeley study

Conscientiousness

I believe that experience and biology both contribute to language What’s my view called

Interactionist view

I’m going to help my son read and I say “el-e-phant” What approach is this

Phonics approach

What happens if you keep telling children they are difficult

They may believe it and act that way

Comparing two unlike things is called

Metaphor

What is the basic unit of sound in language

Phoneme

Language is communication based on a system of

Symbols

I pick up my baby as soon as it cries Who says it’ll make them cry more

John Watson behaviorist view

What is the central aspect of an individual’s personality called

Identity

What are the Big Five factors of personality

Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism

I just had a baby What hormone helps me bond

Oxytocin

I’m older and looking back over my life and accomplishments What am I doing

Life review

Which type of emotions are surprise interest and joy

Primary emotions

In Harlow’s monkey experiment what did the monkey really want

Contact comfort

Are the rules of pragmatics the same in all cultures

No

Recognizing your own strengths and weaknesses as a young adult is

Self-awareness

The Mills College study found women don’t have a midlife crisis but more of a

Midlife consciousness