pathopharm exam 1: antibacterials

penicillin important characteristics

high probability for allergy

penicillins all end in

-illin

cephalosporins important characteristics

risk for allergy/cross-reaction if allergic to penicillin, risk for nephrotoxicity

cephalosporins all begin w/

CEF

carbapenems important characteristics

broad-spectrum, last resort, only available IV, decreases effectiveness of valproic acid-seizure meds (increase in seizures)

carbapenems all end in

-penem

fluroquinolones adverse effects include

photosensitivity, headache confusion, ruptured achilles tendon, OTc prolongation

fluroquinolones all end in

-floxacin

Aminoglycosides all end in

-mycin

Aminoglycosides adverse effects

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blocking

aminoglycosides neuromuscular blocking include

ataxia, headache/dizziness, muscle weakness, neuropathy

vancomycin administration via

PO, IV

Vancomycin adverse drug effects

nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, vancomycin flushing syndrome

vancomycin flushing syndrome includes

rash, itching, flushing, tachycardia, hypotension

vancomycin PO used for

c-diff

With renal toxicity, it is important to collect a

trough level

macrolides end in

-thromycin

macrolides adverse effects

ototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, OTc prolongation

Tetracyclines all end in

-cycline

tetracyclines adverse effects

hepatotoxicity, photosensitivity, dizziness/headache