Functions of the eyeball

Cornea

Focuses light through pupil

lens

Refract (bends) lights & projects image onto retina. (changes shape to focus light on the retina)

retina

Detects images of external objects & converts them to neural signals (contains rods and cones)
Rods: detect light and dark

Cones: detect color

Optic Nerve

Send Nerve impulses to brain for visual processing

Sclera

maintains the shape of the eyes & provides structural support. (white of the eye)

choroid

provides nutrients & oxygen to the retina through blood vessels.

Ciliary Body

Adjust lens shape to focus on different distances

Iris

Regulates amount of light entering eye by controlling pupil size (colored part of eye).

Pupil

controls how much light enters the light

Aqueous humor

clear fluid in the eye that maintains intraocular pressure, provides nutrients to the lens and cornea, removes waste, and helps keep the eye’s shape for proper optical function.

Vitreous Humor

provides structure and helps maintain clear optical pathway.

optic disc

optic nerve exits the eye. It has no photoreceptors, making it a blind spot in vision.

macula

central part of the retina thats responsible for sharp detailed central vision

Fovea

small part of the macula that contains high concentration of cones, making it the point of sharpest vision & color detection