AP World History: Modern - Unit 1: The Global Tapestry (Developments in South & Southeast Asia) - Knowledge

Basic knowledge to know for 1.3 APWH.

What was the relationship between Muslims & Hindus usually like?

conflicting, but they led to development

How did religion impact politics?

Muslims mainly dominated, but some small Hindu kingdoms existed. India was decentralized.

What areas was Buddhism commonly dispersed?

The Sinhala dynasties (Sri Lanka) and Southeast Asia

What ended in India with the fall of the Gupta Dynasty?

the golden age

Was north or south India more stable?

Southern India was more stable

How did the geography of the Rajput kingdoms affect warfare?

the Himalayas in the north prevented attacks, but mountain passes in the northwest allowed Muslim attackers to enter

Who invaded modern-day Pakistan and how did they affect it?

Muslims invaded it but brought little change to everyday life.

How did modern-day Pakistan stay isolated from Muslim influence?

It was on the fringes of Dar al-Islam

Rajput rulers wielded power to prevent Islam from spreading

How did Muslims anger northern India in the 11th century?

They plundered Hindu and Buddhist buildings and tried to build mosques over them.

Why did the Delhi Sultanate have a hard time executing its policies?

It has no bureaucracy.

What did many Indian sultans have to deal with before venturing southward?

Mongol attacks

Who did the Delhi sultanate lose power to?

Mughals - 1526

How forceful did Islam force itself upon Indian natives?

It was first by force, then took a more peaceful approach.

What class and religion of people spread Islam through marriage and in what trade route?

Islamic merchants through the Indian Ocean trade route

Why was Islam attractive for low-cast Hindus?

It could get them out of societal turmoil, for it emphasized equality.

What case is similar to Islam in India?

Christianity in the Roman Empire

What damaged Buddhism?

corruption amongst monks

raids in monasteries by early Muslim conquerors

What did Islam do for the political state of India?

stabilized it to some degree

What did subcastes (established by immigrants) evolve into?

workers’ guilds absorbed into the fabric of Indian society

What would Hindus converting Islam really need to improve their place in society?

new job opportunities

education

Did Islam change gender relations in South Asia?

not really, but Hindu women had more independence before its introduction

What intellectual feats did Arabs share with Indians?

astronomy

continued mathematics

geometric architecture

What intellectual feats did Indians share with Arabs?

algebra

trigonometry

Arabic numerals

Hindu intrinsic artistic details

What did Indian merchants sell to Southeast Asia?

gold

silver

metal goods

textiles

What did Southeast Asian merchants sell to Indians?

spices

How did Hinduism/Buddhism spread to Southeast Asia?

trade voyages

What is the majority religion of Southeast Asia today?

Buddhism

Why was control over Southeast Asia important?

it controlled important trade routes

What was the government of the Sinhala Dynasties like?

Buddhist priests sometimes served as advisors to a monarch. Invaders from India and conflicts between the monarchy hurt these kingdoms.

What were public projects in the Sinhala dynasties like?

A network of reservoirs & canals was used for an irrigation system that spurred economic growth.

What was the shift in religion in the Khmer empire?

There was Hindu artwork and architecture, but rulers became Buddhist at one point. Buddhist features were added onto the existing art.

When did Islam spread to Southeast Asia?

700s