Ecology Vocab Study Guide Key

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23 Terms

1

Biosphere

Zone of life on Earth, 20km in height

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2

Abiotic

Nonliving things in ecosystem, e.g., soil, light

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3

Biotic

Living things in ecosystem, e.g., photosynthesis

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4

Population

Individuals of one species in an area

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5

Community

Individuals of all species in an area

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6

Ecosystem

Community and physical environment, abiotic and biotic factors

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7

Biome

Ecosystem with a specific climate

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8

Habitat

Where one organism lives

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9

Niche

Role an organism has in an ecosystem

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10

Symbiosis

Close interaction between two organisms

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11

Mutualism

Interaction benefiting both organisms

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12

Commensalism

Interaction benefiting one organism without affecting the other

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13

Parasitism

Interaction benefiting one organism while harming the other

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14

Rule of 10

Only 10% energy passed down trophic levels

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15

Autotrophs

Primary producers, usually through photosynthesis

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16

Heterotrophs

Organisms getting energy from consuming others

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17

Carnivores

Organisms eating animals

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18

Herbivores

Organisms eating plants

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19

Decomposers

Organisms breaking down organic material

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20

Nitrogen Fixation

Process of taking nitrogen from the atmosphere by bacteria

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21

Eutrophication

Excess nitrogen and phosphorus causing overgrowth

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22

Pioneer Species

First species to colonize barren environments

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23

Carrying Capacity

Limit to habitats and niches an environment can support

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