Ovine and Caprine Veterinary Care

These flashcards cover terminology and concepts related to the clinical procedures, surgical techniques, diseases, and husbandry of sheep and goats, essential for veterinary technicians and students preparing for the VTNE.

Ovine

Refers to sheep.

Caprine

Refers to goats.

Anesthesia Protocols

Protocols for administering anesthesia to small ruminants to ensure safety and effectiveness.

FAMACHA

A scoring system to assess anemia in sheep and goats based on mucous membrane color.

Haemonchus contortus

A type of internal parasite (barber pole worm) significant for sheep and goats, causing anemia and bottle jaw.

Diagnostic Sampling

Procedures for collecting samples (blood, urine, etc.) to monitor animal health.

Husbandry

The care, breeding, and management of farm animals.

Castration

The surgical removal of testes in male animals.

Dehorning

The process of removing the horns from animals.

Vaccine

A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.

Copper Toxicity

A condition in sheep due to excessive copper intake leading to organ damage and death.

Internal Parasites

Parasites that live inside the host's body, such as worms.

External Parasites

Parasites that live on the outside of the host, such as lice and mites.

Rumen

The first stomach of ruminants, responsible for fermentation.

Electrolyte Imbalance

Disruption in normal levels of electrolytes in the body, can occur in dehydration.

Intravenous Injection

The administration of medication directly into the bloodstream.

Subcutaneous Injection

The administration of medication under the skin.

Intramuscular Injection

The administration of medication into a muscle.

Surgical Preparation

The process of preparing an animal for surgery, including fasting and ensuring a sterile environment.

Emergency Care

Immediate care provided to stabilize an animal in critical condition.

Veterinary Technicians

Professionals assisting veterinarians in the care and management of animal patients.

Veterinary Technician National Examination (VTNE)

A certification exam for veterinary technicians.

Tail Docking

The surgical removal of part of an animal's tail, commonly performed on sheep to prevent fly strike.

Entropion

Condition where eyelids roll inward, causing irritation to the eyes.

Zoonotic Disease

A disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Preventive Care

Health care that aims to prevent disease rather than treating it.

Floriculture

The cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and indoor use.

Restraint Techniques

Methods used to safely hold animals during examination or procedures.

Reproductive Management

Care and management of the breeding and reproductive processes in animals.

Nutrition Management

Providing a balanced diet that meets the dietary needs of livestock.

Mastitis Testing

Tests to detect inflammation or infection of the udder.

Diagnostic Testing

Tests performed to diagnose the health status of an animal.

Urinary Calculi

Obstructions in the urinary tract caused by mineral stones.

Flock Health Management

Strategies to maintain the health of a group of animals.

Vaccination Protocols

Schedules and methods for immunizing animals against diseases.

Inflammation

A localized physical condition characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Precautionary Measures

Actions taken to reduce the risk of harm or injury.

Colostrum Management

The process of ensuring newborns receive adequate immune protection from the first milk.

Circling Disease

A neurological condition often related to listeriosis in small ruminants.

Bleeding from Orifices

A clinical sign often associated with fatal diseases like anthrax.

Nutritional Deficiency

Lack of essential nutrients required for maintaining health.

Zoonotic Risk Assessment

Evaluating the potential health risks posed to humans from animal diseases.

Behavioral Assessment

Evaluating the behavior and temperament of animals for safe handling.

Clinical Procedures

Medical interventions undertaken to treat or diagnose animals.

Post-operative Care

Care provided after surgery to ensure recovery.

Hoof Care

Management practices aimed at maintaining healthy feet and hooves in livestock.

Production Medicine

Veterinary care focused on maintaining herd health and productivity.

Antimicrobial Resistance

The ability of microbes to resist the effects of drugs that once killed them.

Culling Practices

The process of selecting and removing certain animals from a population based on specific criteria.

Antigen Testing

Tests that detect the presence of specific antibodies in the blood.

Oral Drenching

Administering liquid medications directly into the mouth of an animal.

Implantation Techniques

Methods used to place medications or devices within the body of an animal.

Flank Incision

An incision made on the side of an animal, typically for surgical procedures.

Symptomatic Treatment

Providing care that alleviates symptoms without addressing the underlying cause.

Withdrawal Times

Specified periods during which animals must not be slaughtered for meat or milk consumption after medication.

Toxicity Testing

Evaluating the presence and effects of toxic substances in animals.

Animal Welfare Standards

Guidelines to ensure the humane treatment of animals.

Euthanasia Protocols

Procedures for the humane termination of an animal's life.

Integrated Pest Management

A comprehensive approach to controlling pests that minimizes environmental impact.

Herd Management

Techniques for efficiently managing a group of animals for health and productivity.

Veterinary Pharmacology

The study of drugs and their effects on animal health.

Therapeutic Procedures

Interventions aimed at treating specific conditions.

Emergency Response

Immediate actions taken to address urgent veterinary situations.

Zoonosis Prevention

Strategies to prevent diseases that can spread from animals to humans.

Surgical Instruments

Tools used in surgical procedures.

Vital Signs Monitoring

The process of regularly checking an animal's key health indicators.

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia

A viral disease affecting sheep, leading to chronic respiratory and wasting symptoms.

Contagious Ecthyma

A viral disease causing lesions in sheep and goats; zoonotic.

Urinary Tract Infection

Infection in the urinary system that can lead to significant health issues.

Hypocalcemia

A condition characterized by low calcium levels in the bloodstream.

Management Practices

Daily care and procedures performed to maintain animal health.

Deworming Protocols

Strategies for the routine treatment of parasites in livestock.

Grass Tetany

A metabolic disorder in grazing animals due to low magnesium.

Animal Behavior Modification

Techniques to adjust the behavior of animals for better management.

Prolapse Management

Care for animals with protrusions of tissue typically during or after pregnancy.

Production Practices

Methods used in farming to achieve desired levels of productivity.

Diagnostic Imaging

Techniques used to create images of the body's internal structures for assessment.

Vet Tech Role

The responsibilities and duties performed by veterinary technicians.

Clinical Nutrition

The study of dietary needs and management of food in animals.

Equine Treatment Practices

Medical care approaches similar to those for sheep and goats.

Acute Illness Evaluation

Assessing sudden onset diseases that require immediate treatment.

Preventable Diseases

Diseases that can be avoided through proper care and management.

Veterinary Ethics

The principles governing the practice of veterinary medicine.

Emergency Veterinary Services

Critical care services available for animals in immediate health crises.

Clinical History Taking

Gathering information about an animal's past medical records.

Animal Restraint Equipment

Necessary tools to safely and effectively hold animals during procedures.

Sedation Techniques

Methods used to calm animals to facilitate examination or treatment.

Herd Health Programs

Comprehensive care plans aimed at maintaining the wellness of livestock.

Veterinary Diagnostics

Testing and assessment practices to determine animal health conditions.

Infectious Disease Control

Strategies to hinder the spread of diseases caused by microorganisms.

Biosecurity Measures

Precautions taken to prevent the spread of disease in animal populations.

Animal Handling Techniques

Procedures for safely managing animals during veterinary care.

Clinical Education

Training for veterinary professionals on best practices and interventions.

Decontamination Protocols

Methods used to clean areas and equipment exposed to pathogens.

Animal Anatomy

The biological structure of animals critical for clinical procedures.

Surgical Recovery Monitoring

Observing animals after surgery for complications or recovery.

Animal Husbandry Practices

Techniques used to care for and manage farm animals.

Therapeutic Dietary Plans

Customized feeding strategies to support animal health.

Antimicrobial Use Guidelines

Recommendations for the safe and effective use of antibiotics.

Handling Stress in Animals

Understanding and mitigating stress during veterinary procedures.