Semester Exam World History

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) sought to

make trade between Canada, the United States, and Mexico more profitable.

Which of the following is an example of the dangers of global economic interdependence?

wide gap separating rich nations and poor nations

Dictators and military regimes in countries such as Cuba and Myanmar have

punished people who disagree with their views.

In Sudan, 1.3 million people starved when

civil war combatants interrupted the food supply.

More than two-thirds of those infected with HIV can be found on which continent?

Africa

In which area has the EU been less successful?

setting a common foreign policy

Each year, 18 million people die from

poverty-related causes.

Critics of the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund) claim these organizations

aggravate poverty and debt in developing nations.

One positive development from the process of globalization is

the rise of citizen groups and transnational organizations.

After the establishment of NAFTA (North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement)

American industrial workers lost their jobs to low-cost Mexican labor.

Seven out of ten biologists warn that the planet is currently experiencing

a surprising extinction of plants and animals

In China under Deng Xiaoping, peasant farmers

were allowed to sell some of their crops for profit

The world’s largest computer network, the , revolutionized communication and made the world more interconnected than ever before.

Internet

The formation of a Palestinian state has been difficult, in part, because

Fatah and Hamas have failed to form a unity government.

In 2014 Ukraine lost possession of Crimea due to

Russian intervention

The civil war and genocide in Rwanda were sparked by ethnic conflict between

Hutus and Tutsis.

Compared to al Qaeda, ISIL is

more violent

Philippine leader Ferdinand Marcos was succeeded in office by

the opposition leader’s wife, Corazon Aquino

Ethnic conflict and widespread killing in Sudan led to

a referendum and the creation of South Sudan in 2011.

Tibet continues to seek independence from China because

of China’s suppression of dissent among ethnic minorities

What has China introduced to slow its population explosion?

one-child policy

One event which led to increased U.S. involvement in the Middle East was

the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.

Which UN agency safeguards against the threat of nuclear proliferation?

International Atomic Energy Agency

One of the factors driving the Arab Spring was the fact that

countries in the region have a very high percentage of young people

Which countries are not members of the NPT? (Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons)

India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea

Attacks on foreigners became common in Germany during the 1990s, partly because

increased unemployment made some Germans think foreigners were taking away jobs

When Slobodan Miloševic stripped Kosovo of its autonomy in 1989,

the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) began a campaign against Serbian rule.

One of the European Union’s first goals was the establishment of

a common European currency

The Republic of Indonesia was formerly a colony of which of the following nations?

the Netherlands

By 1975, North and South Vietnam had been reunited by

Communist North Vietnamese forces.

Fidel Castro’s forces overthrew the government led by

Fulgencio Batista.

One area of the world that struggles with many deaths as a result of the drug war is

Mexico

The oppressive military regime known as the Khmer Rouge ruled which of the following nations?

Cambodia

South America has been able to reduce inequality through

improved public education and greater economic growth.

The ANC called for armed resistance against the white South African government after the arrest of their leader in 1962.

Nelson Mandela

Which event led to improved relations between the United States and China?

President Richard Nixon’s state visit to China

The Suez War of 1956 involved the nations of

Israel, Great Britain, France, and Egypt.

. What was one basic change made by the Chinese government during Communist Party rule in the 1950s and 1960s?

Women were given more rights.

As an art form, magic realism is characterized by

a combination of realistic events and fantastic backgrounds.

The Warsaw Pact sought to

create a military alliance between the Soviet Union and various Eastern European nations.

The military conflict over the Falkland Islands in 1982 involved

Great Britain and Argentina.

Muslim leaders such as the Ayatollah Khomeini opposed the shah of Iran because they

thought the shah promoted a culture of materialism

At the end of World War II, which country refused to end its colonial rule in Vietnam?

France

Which government allied with North Korea in its attempt to take over South Korea?

Soviet Union

How did the use of forced labor cause problems for Germany?

It disrupted industrial production in occupied countries that could have helped Germany

The Marshall Plan was designed to

restore the economic stability of European nations after World War II.

West Berlin was

a city entirely surrounded by East German territory.

Which event led the United States to enter World War II?

bombing of Pearl Harbor

The zaibatsu contributed to the rise of militarism in Japan because they

increased economic inequality and social discontent.

To address labor shortages during the war, Japan

brought in Korean and Chinese laborers

Chiang Kai-shek did not press for programs that would lead to redistribution of wealth because he

needed the support of the landed gentry and the urban middle class

Iwo Jima was important to the Allies because

Japan used airfields on the island to support its naval forces

The Truman Doctrine stated that the United States would provide to nations threatened by Communist expansion

money

Japan created the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere to

exploit the resources of its colonies for its war machine

The purpose of bombing cities in World War II was to

frighten civilians and weaken morale.

What fueled tensions between Arabs and Jews in Palestine after World War I?

both Arabs and Jews viewed the area as a potential national state

The United States and Great Britain believed that the liberated nations of Eastern Europe should

hold free elections to determine their futures.

U.S. fears about the spread of communism were increased when _ became a Communist nation in 1949.

China

How did the Treaty of Versailles help pave the way for the Nazi party to gain control of Germany?

by creating resentment and anger among the German people.

The Battle of Stalingrad was a crushing defeat for Germany because

the entire Sixth Army, considered the best of the German troops, was lost.

Mao Zedong was convinced a Chinese revolution would be driven by the

poverty-stricken rural peasants.

When the Great Depression weakened demand for their exports, Latin American nations responded by

developing new industries at home.

Hitler demanded and was given what area in northwestern Czechoslovakia?

the Sudetenland

Which of the following describes the policy of containment?

Attempting to stop the spread of communism through aid to nations in danger.

What does it mean when World War I is referred to as a "total war”?

The war efforts needed the participation of as many people as possible.

What happened to China’s economy during the Great Leap Forward?

The economy went backward.

Many companies outsource their production in countries like Bangladesh because…

there are lower production costs

Reasons for Resistance to Globaliztion

• many products are made affordable at the expense of workers

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization. A collective security alliance formed by non-Communist countries.

Warsaw Pact

In response to NATO, the Soviet Union created the Warsaw Pact. This was also a collective security alliance, but its member countries were communist.

consumer culture

a culture in which personal worth and identity reside not in the people themselves but in the products with which they surround themselves

Paris Agreement (2015)

• 195 countries signed for progress against global warming

the virus that causes AIDS, spread through bodily fluids rather than casual contact or airborne

HIV/AIDS

The first manmade satellite to be launched into space was called

Sputnik

Free trade

the movement of goods and services among nations without political or economic barriers

Change in the statistical properties of the climate system when considered over periods of decades

climate change

Augusto Pinochet

Chilean militar leader who in a coup deposed Salvador Allende - communist, elected leader - created one party rule dictatorship - ruled w/ iron fist - human rights abuses

political system of strict segregation by race in South Africa

Apartied

document issued by the UN to promote basic human rights and freedoms

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Negatives of Globalization

• Sometimes profits are put before safety and labor conditions

Weibo

an example of locally developed social media, exclusively in China as an alternative to other media platforms

Destruction of forests

deforestation

Communist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms after the death of Mao Zedong.

Deng Xiaoping

To isolate them from the general population, Jews in Hitler’s Germany were required to

wear yellow stars.

What was a result of European settlement in South Africa in the early 1900s?

Black South Africans had no representation.

WHO

The World Health Organization

Space Race

race between Russia and US on who was the best at space exploration

The United Nations was created in 1945 with the purpose of

maintaining world peace.

Arms Race

Competition between countries to have the most military arms.

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, which influences oil prices by controlling supply

Communism

A system of social organization in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian government.

NASA

United States space exploration program

the right of women to vote

Women's Suffrage

Epidemics

Occurrences of diseases in which many people in the same place at the same time are affected

Refugees

People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

The idea that if one country attacks another country with a nuclear weapon, the other country will retaliate with a nuclear weapon of their own is called

Mutual Assured Destruction

Bay of Pigs Invasion

US invasion of Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro but was unsuccessful

Which side of Germany was democratic with a capitalist economy?

West Germany

Agreement that created a free-trade area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

This was a new type of warfare that the Germans used to run through France and Poland in the early parts of WWII.

Blitzkrieg.