Lecture 8- Food Safety Programs and Regulatory Authorities

Reviewed

Review this pictorial overview

Consumers

The varying degree of quality control methods, informed by safety education efforts from all of these sectors.

1. Disease surveillance

2. Outbreak investigation

3. Analyzing trends and policies

4. Attribution to source facilities

5. Education and training

6. Information for policy

What things do the non-regulatory side (CDC) do?

1. Inspection

2. Enforcement

3. Investigating farms and production

4. Product recalls

5. Product traceback

6. Risk assessment

What things do the regulatory (FDA/USDA/EPA) do?

USDA-FSIS

Primary food regulatory agency within USDA, domestic and foreign

1. Processed egg products (except fresh shell eggs)

2. Raw meat and poultry

3. Slaughter operations for interstate shipment

4. Ensures that meat importers meet US standards

5. 1005 veterinarians in 2016

What does the USDA-FSIS have regulatory authority over?

1. Production and transportation (pre-slaughter)

2. Border inspection and quarantine

3. Veterinary services (chief veterinary officer, national animal disease surveillance)

4. Animal care

5. International services

What does USDA-APHIS do and oversee?

Protecting the public's health by ensuring the safety of meat, poultry, and processed egg products

What is the FSIS Mission Statement?

Everyone's food is safe

What is the FSIS vision statement?

Animal Plant Health Inspection Service

What does APHIS stand for in USDA-APHIS?

1. Live animal health and welfare

2. Import and export

3. Disasters

4. Examples are TB and brucellosis testing and monitoring

What does USDA-APHIS do?

FDA

What is the primary food regulatory agency within DHHS?

All food sold interstate except processed eggs, meat and poultry

What does the FDA regulate?

1. Shell eggs

2. Bottled water

3. Wine (less than 7% alcohol)

4. Pet and livestock foods

5. Veterinary drugs

6. Infant formulas

7. Dietary supplements

8. Adulteration and misbranding of foods, drugs and cosmetics

What things does the FDA have regulatory authority over?

142

There are ____ veterinarians in the FDA but not all are food animal based.

1. Melamine

2. Imported jerky treats

3. Trifexis

4. Compounding medications

5. Antimicrobial use in food animals

What are the 5 hot topics of the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)?

1. Veterinary medical officers

2. Policy analysts

3. Epidemiologists

4. Administrative roles such as team lead, director and commissioner/assistant commissioner

What are roles of veterinarians in the FDA-CVM?

1. Nationwide disease surveillance

2. Investigates foodbourne disease outbreaks

3. Research and education re-food borne illness

4. Enforcement authority for cruise ship sanitation

What things does the CDC do in veterinary medicine?

64

The CDC employs ___ veterinarians but not all are food animal based

1. Determines safety of new products

2. Sets tolerance levels for pesticide residues in foods

3. Prevents toxic substances from entering food chain

What are the duties of the EPA for regulating authority for pesticides and toxins?

Assists states in monitoring water quality

What does the EPA due in addition to establishing safe drinking water standards?

FDA

The chicken is what government agency's responsibility?

USDA FSIS

The egg from a chicken is what government agency's responsibility?

Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)

What FDA act focuses on prevention and was signed into law on January 4th 2011?

Focus on prevention

What is the key provision of the FSMA and was a significant expansion of the Food Drug and comestics act of 1938?

Mandatory recall authority

The FSMA granted the FDA a number of new powers including _______ ______ _____ which the agency sought for many years

10

The FSMA requires FDA to undertake more than a dozen rulemakings and issue at least ____ guidance documents

Several years

Implementation of the FSMA is likely to take...

Safe Food Act

Act that was introduced in several congresses to push for a single food agency

Intrastate

______ commerce is jurisdiction of individual states

1. Small slaughter plants

2. Small food processing plants

3. Milk products (cow-sharing, sales of non-pasteurized milk within state)

4. California milk standards

What are some examples of state oversight of food safety?

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point

What does HACCP stand for?

Health

HACCP is the systematic prevention of all types of _____ hazards at selected points in the food production continuum

Finished

The HACCP is used in contrast to simply inspecting the ______ product

1. NASA asked pillsbury and US army to develop astronaut food

2. In novel approach, pillsbury focused on critical failure areas

3. FDA asked pillsbury to tailor HACCP to the canning industry

4. Now mandated by FDA and USDA for various food industries

What are some examples of the HACCP in action?

100%

Defects are always possible with less than ____ testing

Sampling, testing

Detection of hazards by end product testing is only as good as statistics behind ______ and _____ protocols

Prevents

The HACCP _____ rather than detects

Health hazards

The HACCP focuses on ____ _____ not product quality

Identify hazard -> understand cause -> implement preventive controls -> monitor effectiveness -> review and adjust

What is the cycle of the HACCP?

Codex Alimentarius Commission

Collection of standards, guidelines and codes of practice adopted by the ____ _____ _____

FAO, WHO

The Codex Alimentarius (Food Code) was established by ____ and ____ to protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade

Safe

The Codex standards ensure that food is ____ and can be traded

188

There are ____ Codex members that have negotiated science based recommendations in all areas related to food safety and quality

1. US Delegation with a federal Delegate

2. Interacts with US Codex office

3. Various groups part of delegation

4. Attendance at CCRVDF meetings

5. Worldwide discussion on establishment of maximum residue levels of drugs used for food animals

6. Wide variety of country opinions and alignments

What are examples of the codex committee on residues of veterinary drugs in foods (CCRVDF)?