Bio 20: Excretory System

Renal arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys.

Ureters

Tubes that conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Bladder

An organ that stores urine.

Urethra

A tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.

Nephrons

Functional units of the kidneys where urine is formed and collected.

Filtration

The movement of fluid from the blood into Bowman's capsule.

Reabsorption

The transfer of essential solutes and water from the nephron back into the blood.

Secretion

The movement of wastes from the blood into the nephron to be excreted in urine.

Diabetes Mellitus

A condition characterized by inadequate secretion of insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels and excess glucose in urine.

Benedict's test

A test that indicates the presence of sugar in urine.

Diabetes Insipidus

A condition caused by insufficient release of ADH, resulting in large volumes of dilute urine.

Nephritis (Bright's disease)

Inflammation of the nephron caused by toxins from invading microbes, leading to kidney damage.

Biuret test

A test that indicates the presence of protein in urine.