Topic 6 Unit 1 - Digestion

Large food molecules need to be into _ ones

broken down smaller

Mouth = __ digestion

mechanical

Large food molecules need to be into _ ones

broken down smaller

Mouth = __ digestion

mechanical

Salivary amylase begins digestion of _

chemical starch

: a wave of muscle contractions that push the bolus into the stomach

Peristalsis

Where does peristalsis occur

esophagus

In the stomach kills bacteria at a PH of ___

Acid 2

In the stomach begins digestion of __

pepsin proteins

Bile from the liver and gallbladder acids and __ fats

neutralizes emulsifies

Pancreatic amlayse and lipase digest _ and

carbohydrates fats

Trypsin digests to

polypeptides amino acids

Another name for the small intestine

Duodenum

In the ileum the small intestine ___ ___ into the __

absorbs nutrients blood

In the large intestine _ is reclaimed and returned to the blood

water

During faeces is forced out of the anus

egestion

Enzymes __ large food molecules into smaller ones

break down

Enzymes ___ the process of __ by lowering the _ for the reaction

speed up digestion activation energy

Enzymes work at ___ temperature

body

Hydrolysis is the reaction used to _ large organic molecules

break down

: a globular protein that increases the rate of a biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy threshold

Enzyme

Digestive enzymes are released into the from and are used in __ reactions that break down larger molecules

gut glands catabolic

High temperature in enzymes could cause damage to and _

cells proteins

Salivary amylase breaks down into __

starch maltose

Pepsin breaks down _ into ____

polypepptides amino acids

Pacreatic lipase breaks down _ into _ and _

triglycerides fatty acids glycerol

Pancreatic juice containing enzymes is released into the upper region of the small intestine via the __

pancreatic duct

3 functions of the Mucosa: _

Secretion, absorption, protection

2 functions of Submucosa: __

Nutrition and protection

Function of the Muscular Layer: ___

Perform peristalsis

Serosa is the __

protective outer layer

Function of the epithelial layer: ___

Aid in the transportation of filtered material through active transport

Function of villi:

Increase the surface area for absorption

Lacteals (lymph vessels) allow for ___ and transport of ___

rapid absorption lipids

Capillaries close to the epithelium act as a short path for _ and provide a rich supply of

diffusion blood

is the uptake of these molecules into the blood

Absorption

After absorption, molecules are carried to the tissues where they are __ - taken in to be used

assimilation

Digested glucose is ___ and then ___ to various body tissues

absorbed transported