PTCE Prep

-azepam

Benzodiazepine anxiolytic; anxiety (ie temazepam)

-pidem

Zolpidem type sedative/hypnotic; anxiety (ie zolpidem)

-plon

Non benzodiazepine anxiolytic (ie zaleplon)

-bactam

Beta-lactamase; AI (sulbactam)

Cef-

Cephalosporin; inhibitor of cell wall synthesis; AI (cefepime)

-cillin

Penicillins; inhibitor of cell wall synthesis; AI (piperacillin)

-conazole

Miconazole type antifungal; AI (itraconazole)

-cycline

Tetracyclines; inhibitor of protein synthesis; AI (doxycycline)

-ezolid

Oxazolidone antibiotics; AI (linezolid)

-oxacin

Quinoline; AI (levofloxacin)

-vir

Antivirals, general undefined; AI (acyclovir)

Penicillins

Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis, bactericidal, gram +, pneumonia

Cephalosporins

Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis, bactericidal, gram + some -, pneumonia

Macrolides

Inhibit of protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, gram + some -, pneumonia

Tetracyclines

Inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, gram +/-, acne

Quinolones

Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis, bactericidal, gram +/-, pneumonia

Ketolide

Inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, gram +/-, pneumonia

Aminoglycoside

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, bactericidal, broad gram - activity, sepsis

Carbapenem and monobactam

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, bactericidal, gram +/-, complicated uti

-arone

Antiarrhythmics; cardiov (amiodarone)

-azosin

Prazosin-type antihypertensive; cardiov (terazosin)

-dralazine

Hydrazine-phthalazine-type antihypertensive' cardiov (hydralazine)

-olol

Beta blockers; antihypertensive; cardiov (metoprolol)

-pril

ACE inhibitor-type hypertensive; cardiovas (lisinopril)

-sartan

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist; antihypertensive; cardiovas (losartan)

-teplase

Plaminogen activator; cardiov (reteplase)

-vastatin

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor-type antihyperlipidemics; reduces cholesterol; cardiov (simvastatin)

-cort

Cortisone derivative; derma (hydrocortisone)

-olone

Steroids; derma (triamcinolone)

-onide

Steroids; derma (flucinonide)

sulfa

Antimicrobial, sulfonamide derivative; derma (silver sulfadiazine)

-vir

Antiviral; derma (acyclovir)

-astine

H1 receptor; nose (azelastine)

-olol

Beta antagonists; eyes (betaxolol)

-onide

Corticosteroid; nose (budesonide)

opthalmic

eye

otic

ear

-formin

Hypoglycemic; endocrine (metformin)

-glinide

Meglitinide; enodcrine (repaglinide)

-gliptin

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; endocrine (saxagliptin)

-glitazone

Thiazolidene derivative; endocrine (rosiglitazone)

basal

long acting

preprandial

premeal

-prazole

antiulcer agents, bezimidazole derivates; GI (lansoprazole)

-setron

Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists; GI (ondansetron)

-tidine

H2-receptor antagonists; GI (famotidine)

-ac

anti-inflammatory agents, acetic acid derivative; MSO (diclofenac)

-caine

Local anesthetics; MSO (lidocaine)

-coxib

COX-2 inhibitor; MSO (celecoxib)

-dronate

Biphosphonates; treats osteoporosis by increasing bone density; MSO (ibandronate)

-icam

Anti-inflammatory agents, isoxicam type; MSO (prioxicam)

estr-

estrogens; regulates hormonal imbalances; reproductive (estradiol)

-ast

antiasthmatics/antiallergics; resp (montelukast)

-astine

H1 receptor antagonist; resps (azelastine)

-(a)tadine

H1 receptor antagonists, loratadine derivatives; resp (loratadine)

-terol

Bronchodilators; resp (albuterol)

-afil

PDE inhibitors; for male impotence; urinary (sildenafil)

-steride

Testosterone reductase inhibitors; treats overactive bladders; urinary (dutasteride)

triptans

5-HT1 receptor agonists- constrict blood vessels and reduce inflammation

asthenia

abnormal weakness

Corticosteroids

Inhibits inflammatory mediators

Expectorants

thins mucus associated with colds

Antitussives

relieves dry coughs

Type I Diabetes

Little ot no production of insulin

Type II Diabetes

Cells not sensitive to insulin

Medication that does NOT have formulation available OTC?

acyclovir (fluticasone, operamide, and omeprazole do)

CSA classified medication as controlled substance

Oxazepam (omeprazole, ondansetron and oxybutynin are not)

Helicobacter pyloria associated with formation of which disease state?

Peptic ulcer disease

Treatment for epilepsy?

levetiracetam

Lansoprazole

GERD

Levofloxacin

anti infective quinolone-type antibiotic

Lovastatin

treatment of hypercholesterolemia

Duration of antibiotic therapy?

7-10 days

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Prohibited interstate commerce of misbranded and adulterated drugs, foods, and drinks

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) of 1938

Required drug labeling to include directions, warnings, and safety concerns; premarketing approval of drugs; FDA classifies offenses as misbranded or adulterated. In response to sulfa-based elixir leading to 100 deaths

Misbranded drugs Druf under FFDCA

Misrepresented; doesn't comply with color additive provisions, dangerous when used; label fails to include name/place of business and quantity of contents; requreid wording not clearly stated

Adulterated drugs under FFDCA

Drug fails to conform to compendial standards of quality, strength, or purity

Prescription Drug Labeling Requirements

Highlights, limitations statement, product name and initial FDA approval date, boxed warning, recent major changes, indications and usage, dosage and administration, dosage form and strength, contraindications, warnings and precautions, adverse reactions, drug interactions, use in specialized populations, patient counseling info

OTC Drug Labeling Requirements

Active drug, uses, warnings, inactive ingredients, purpose, directions, other info (like storage), expiration date, batch or NDC number, name and address of manufacturer; quantity of product, instructions in case of OD

Controlled Substances Act of 1970

Requires registration, record keeping,a dn rules regarding dispensing of controlled drugs. Drugs placed into one of five cateogies

Schedule I

High potential for abuse, no legally accepted medical use in US (heroin, LSD, peyote, methaqualone)

Schedule II

High abuse potential, may lead to severe dependence, legally accepted medical use (codein, oxycodone, amphetamine)

Schedule III

Abuse potential less, may lead to moderate dependence (codeine, ketamine)

Schedule IV

Potential for abuse less than III (alprazolam, diazepam)

Schedule V

Potential for abuse less than IV, contains limited quantities of narcotics (cough medications)

DEA 224 form

How facilities dispensing controlled substances register with DEA

DEA 223 form

duplicate Certificate of Registration form

DEA 222 form

Schedule II medications ordered using this; triplicate, must be signed by ind registered with DEA; max 10 items per form ; must be maintained in pharmacy for min of 2 years; controlled substances must have red "C" stamp

Inventory requirements

All C substances inventoried upon first day of business; biennial inventory; SII kept separate from SIII-V; SII physically counted; SIII-SV estimated

Prescription restrictions

SII prescription presented in person; signed; must contain valid DEA number; and identifier number

DEA numbers

2 letters and 7 #s, first letter usually A, B, F, or M to ID type of registrant, second letter is prescribing individual's last name

Verification of DEA numbers

Add 1st, 3rd,a nd 5th #s

Add 2, 4, 6 #s, multiply by 2

Sum these

Digit in ones place is "check digit", should match last digit on DEA number

NPI numbers

National Provider Identifier, used to process pharmacy claims, 10 digits

Refill restrictions

SII drugs not refilled, partial fill remainder supplied within 72 hrs. SIII and SIV may be refilled up to 5 times within 6 months, partial fills okay. SV and non-controleld may be refilled as authorized

Transfer Restrictions

SIII-V may be transferred one time b/n pharmacies, pharmacies sharing online database up to max # of refills.

Transferring pharnmacist must write "void" on front, include name, address, and DEA # of receiving pharmacy on back

Receiving pharmacist must write "transfer" and record: original date for issuance of prescription, # refills, original dispensing date, refills remaining, name address and DEA of transferring pharmacy, name of pharacist, and NAD of pharmacy prescription was originally filled

Original and transferred prescription filed and maintained for 2 yrs

Return, Destruction, and Theft Regulations

Controlled substances returned using DEA 222 form. outdated or damaged substances destroyed using DEA 41 form (while providing DEA #, address, and phone #; inventory, date location and method of destruction, signature of two employee witnesses

Theft filed with DEA 106 form

Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA) of 1970

Approved CPSC authority to ID products and drugs that require child-resistant containers (<20% could open)

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990

Imposes counseling obligations, prospective drug utilization review (ProDUR) requirements, and record-keeping mandates on pharmacists. Counseling must include drug name and description, intended use and action, route, dosage form, dose, and duration of drug therapy, common side effects, storage, drug-drug/disease interactions, refill info, action in event of missed dose

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996

Instituted privacy safeguards for all protected health information (PHI)

Isotretinoin Safety and Risk Management Act of 2014

All must be included in iPLEDGE registry, patients st complete consent form, pxn 20 day allotments and walked in, centers evaluated yearly for compliance, requires reporting for adverse side effects within 15 days