Civics Chapter 4 Review

civil liberty

Freedom to think and act without government interference

libel

harming someone’s reputation by printing lies

petition

formal request, often in the form of a brief or letter

censorship

banning offensive or alarming information

slander

harming someone’s reputation by speaking lies

false

personal freedoms cannot be used to change laws (True or False)

freedom of press

which freedom in the bill of rights allows citizens to express themselves by writing about their viewpoints in books and magazines (freedom of press, freedom of petition, freedom of religion, or freedom of speech)

true

the establishment clause protects the freedom of religion by preventing the establishment from creating an official religion and keeping government from favoring one religion over another (True or False)

first amendment

Which part of the Bill of Rights protects freedom of speech and freedom of religion (first amendment, fifth amendment, second amendment, or the articles)

true

first amendment freedoms are not absolute freedoms because they have to be balanced against the rights of others (True or False)

true

assigning bail help to ensure that an accused person will appear in court because it gives then a vested financial interest in doing so (True or False)

false

the grand jury system protects individuals accused of minor crimes by determining if there is enough evidence to put them on trial (True or False)

9th

which amendment protects the rights that are not specifically mentioned in the Constitution (1st, 6th, 9th, or 3rd)

5th amendment

the bill of rights protects the person accused of a crime from being tortured and tried by his or her accusers with (1st amendment, 4th amendment, 5th amendment, or 2nd amendment)

There is debate about whether it refers to the state’s rights have a small volunteer army called a militia or whether it refers to an individual’s rights

why is there debate over the exact rights guaranteed by the second amendment (Some believe it’s unconstitutional, There is debate about whether it refers to the state’s rights have a small volunteer army called a militia or whether it refers to an individual’s rights, Everyone agrees with it, there is no debate there, or There's a debate about whether it refers to the federal government's right to maintain the military or whether it refers to individuals' rights)

due process

following the established legal procedures

eminent domain

right of the government to take private property for public use

civil cases

lawsuits involving disagreements rather than crimes

search warrant

court order allowing police to search private property and gather evidence

double jeopardy

being tried twice for the same crime

women

what large segment of the adult population was NOT guaranteed the right to vote by the fifth amendment (white men, African Americans, women, or non-citizens)

true

the language of the fourteenth amendment could also be interpreted to apply beyond the rights of African Americans to the rights of other groups whose rights have been suppresssed (True or False)

true

the Vietnam war helped highlight the inequality of voting rights with the context of draft ages. a man could go to war and possibly die for his country without having voting rights and any say in the running of it (True or False)

true

residents of the nation’s capital were denied the right to vote in national elections until passage of the twenty-third amendment because they did not live in a state (True or False)

black codes

restricted rights of African Americans after the Civil war

poll tax

sum of money paid before casting a ballot

civil war amendments

extended civil liberties to African Americans

Gitlow vs. New York

ruled that state governments must honor the Bill of Rights

suffrage

right to vote

freed the slaves and banned forced labor

what did the 13th amendment accomplish (gave African Americans the right to vote, extended citizenship to African Americans, freed the slaves and banned force labor, or gave women the right to vote)

protests where cars were flipped and businesses were burned

all of the following were peaceful protest used during the civil rights era EXCEPT (boycotts, protests where cars were flipped and businesses burned, demonstrations, or speeches)

the large inequalities caused by slavery and the following years of segregation still affect life today for African Americans

all of the following are arguments against affirmative action programs EXCEPT (too much time has passed for those who suffered the injustices to feel a difference, it could be considered reverse racism, everything should be based on merit alone, or the large inequalities caused by slavery and the following years of segregation still affect life today for African Americans)

False

the supreme court decided that the ruling in Plessy versus Ferguson, that separate could be equal, was constitutional in the case Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka Kansas (1954) (True or False)

discrimination

unfair treatment of certain groups because of prejudice

civil rights

freedom of full citizenship and equality under the law

racial profiling

practice of identifying suspects by how they look

affirmative action

programs that try to make up for past discrimination

segregation

social separation of the races

the passage of the 20th amendment

all of the following could be taken as evidence of the effectiveness of MLK Jr’s campaign except (the passage of the 20th amendments, the passage of the 24th amendment, the passage of the civil right act of 1964, the passage of the voting rights act of 1965)

African Americans were not allowed on city buses

all of the following are examples of the segregation created by Jim Crow laws in southern states EXCEPT (African Americans had to sit at the back of the bus, African Americans were not allowed on city buses, African Americans had to use separate bathrooms, or African Americans had to use separate theaters)