Object Perception and Perceptual Organization Chapter 5

Amodal Completion

The perceptual system's ability to infer the existence of objects that are partially hidden.

Symmetry

Objects that are symmetrical are often perceived as the foreground.

Convexity

Convex objects (bulging outward) are more likely to be seen as foreground objects than concave (indented) shapes.

Foreground

The primary object of focus.

Background

Elements that are less prominent behind the foreground.

Segregation

The process of distinguishing different elements in a scene.

Gestalt Principles

Guidelines that explain how individual elements are perceived as whole structures.

Closure

Objects that are incomplete tend to be completed by the visual system.

Similarity

Objects that are similar in some way tend to be grouped together.

Proximity

Objects that are close tend to be perceived as a group.

Figure-Ground Segregation

The brain's ability to separate objects from their surroundings.

Heuristics

A method of problem-solving that provides a shortcut and may not guarantee a solution but is generally efficient.

Algorithm

A specific, structured approach that guarantees a solution.

Phylogenetic Memory

The idea that certain perceptions are innate and evolutionary.

Ontogeny

Individual development distinct from species evolution.

Pragnanz

The principle that suggests the perceptual system prefers the simplest interpretation.

Good Continuation

The visual system “prefers” contours that continue along their original path

Problems with Gestalt Approach

“Describes, doesn’t explain. It is difficult to predict ahead of time what people will see.