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Application programs
To allow users to manipulate the information, the system has a number of
Network Maintenance
Which of the following in not a function of DBA?
Programs are not dependent on the physical and logical attributes of data
Data independence means
Attribute
A characteristic of an entity.
End Users
DBMS manages the interaction between __________ and database.
Network Model
Which of the following is a navigational data model model?
Retrieval of information stored in database
Insertion of new information into the database
Deletion of information from the database
Data Manipulation Language enables users to
alter
____ command can be used to modify a column in a table
Create information table in the Database
Data Manipulation Language (DML) is not to
logical
A level that describes data stored in a database and the relationships among the data.
Schema
A logical structure of the database.
Database Schema
Logical design of database is called
Physical
A level that describes how a record is stored.
Programs
DBMS is a set of __________ to access the data.
Geographic information systems (G I S)
Can store and analyze maps, weather data, and satellite images.
Data independence and Centralized control of data
DBMS helps achieve
DDL, DML and DQL
Which of the following is Database Language?
schema
A ……… is used to define overall design of the database
File processing system
Data redundancy and Data Inconsistency is one of the major drawbacks of
Call the DBMS to access the stored data
Database processing programs:
Database designers
_____ are considered database architects.
Instance
The actual content in the database at a particular point.
database warehouse
A ____ focuses primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.
Data Model
A type of data abstraction that is used to provide a conceptual representation
DBMS system designers and implementors
They design and implement the DBMS modules and interfaces as a software package
True
T/F A data model is a graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data.
user
Which of the following isn't a level of abstraction?
Data is separated and isolated
Data is often duplicated
Application programs are dependent on file format
File processing systems have important limitations
view
The ______level helps application programs hide the details of data types.
HTML
Which of the following is not involved in DBMS?
Critical Level
Which of the following is not a level of data abstraction?
Conceptual
A(n) ____ model is independent of both hardware and software.
Stringent real-time requirements
It is better to use files than a DBMS when there are
redundancy
Data ____ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.
Constraint
The restrictions placed on the data.
tree structure
The hierarchical database model is based on a ____.
It is an integrated collection of logically related records.
It consolidates separate files into a common pool of data records
Data stored in a database is independent of the application programs using it
The property / properties of a database is / are
Database Instance
Snapshot of the data in the database at a given instant of time is called
False
T/F With the traditional file processing approach, each application shares data files, thus enabling much data sharing.
Meta Data
Collection of programs to access data
Collection of interrelated data
A Database System is:
insert into R1
Delete from R2
Let R1(A, B, C, D) and R2(P, Q, R, S) be two relations in which A is the foreign key of R1 that refers to the primary key of R2. Which of the following operations causes the referential integrity constraint violation?
Primary key values cannot be null according to the entity integrity constraint.
What is TRUE about Entity Integrity Constraints?
True
T/F An entity instance of a subtype represents the same entity instance of the supertype.
supertypes
In a supertype/subtype hierarchy, subtypes that are lower in the hierarchy inherit attributes from not only their immediate supertype but from all ________ in the hierarchy.
completeness
A(n) ________ constraint is a type of constraint that addresses whether an instance of a supertype must also be an instance of at least one subtype.
predicate-defined subclass
The kind of subclass on which the entity become part of subclass by putting some condition on attribute values is classified as
identifying relationship
A(n) ________ is the relationship between a weak entity type and its owner
Snapshot
Thus a _______ of course data gives the values of all attributes, such as title and department, of all courses at a particular point in time.
Supertype
Which of the following is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes?
Instance
What term is used to refer to a specific record in your music database; for instance; information stored about a specific album?
False
T/F ERM is an acronym for Enterprise Reliability Model.
disjoint
The ________ rule specifies that an entity can be a member of only one subtype at a time.
Total specialization
Which of the following is a completeness constraint?
partial specialization
The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance of a supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype.
derived attribute.
An attribute of an entity that is computed is a(n):
Recursive relationships
Relationships among entities of the same type are called_______?
mandatory
A relationship where the minimum and maximum cardinality are both one is a(n) ________ relationship.
Belong to the same entity class
Have the same attributes
All instances of a given entity?
False
T/F In an entity called STUDENT, you might find attributes of PROFESSOR-ID, Last-Name, First-Name and CLASSROOM.
there are attributes that apply to some but not all instances of an entity type.
Subtypes should be used when:
identify the entities
The first step to building an Entity Relationship Diagram is to _____
subtype discriminator.
An attribute of the supertype that determines the target subtype(s) is called the:
Relationship, attribute, entity
The three major parts of an ERM diagram are:
any
The Tuples of the relations can be of ____ order.
No proper subset is a super key
The subset of super key is a candidate key under what condition?
indivisible
A domain is atomic if elements of the domain are considered to be ______ units.
False
T/F The relationship among the instances of three entity types is called a unary relationship.
partial specialization
The rule specifies that an entity instance of a supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype.
False
T/F In entity-relationship models, a member of a subtype does NOT necessarily have to be a member of the supertype.
Referential integrity
Which data modeling concept ensures that every relationship is supported by accurate and existing data?
both true
Which of the following statements are true:
1. Each superkey is a superset of some candidate key,
2. Each primary key is also a candidate key, but there may be candidate keys that are not primary keys).
False
T/F At most 2 distinct entity sets can be associated with any relationship set R.
There is no significance to attribute domains
Which of the following is FALSE about the properties of relations?
Candidate keys
In relational database minimal superkeys is known as:
Physical Data Modeling
Which data modeling stage involves transforming the logical data model into a database-specific schema?
associative entity
relationships modeled as an entity type.
attribute
property of an entity.
entity
person, place, object, concept, event.
relationship type
association between entity types.
data
facts, text, graphics, images, etc
cardinality constraint
specifies maximum and minimum number of instances.
supertype
generalized entity type.
uniquely identifies entity instances.
identifier
overlap rule
an entity belongs to two subtypes
specialization
creating subtypes for an entity type
Note 
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