CAM15TEST1 P1

valuable

= important, beneficial, worthy #worthless

native to

= indigenous, local, aboriginal, resident #foreign

branch

= split, fork, divide

dense -> dense crowd

/dens/

= thick, close together #transparent

foliage

= leaves

tough (a)

= not easily broken or made weaker

bền bỉ, dẻo dai

pale /peil/

pale before (beside) something

= pallid, faint, weak #strong

encase sth in sth

= cover, enclose, wrap #uncover

fleshy

= having a soft thick inner part

husk

= shell, pod, covering #kernel

ripe

= fully grown, mature

split into

= divide, separate, break up, #united

ridge

= edge, point

shiny

= glossy, gleaming, sparkly

seed

hạt giống

surround

= enclose, encircle, envelop

lacy

= made of lace

crimson

= deep red in colour

aril

= an extra seed covering, typically coloured and hairy or fleshy

prized

= extremely important or valuable to someone

costly

= exorbitant, expensive, high,

cuisine

= food, cooking

flavouring

= a substance used to give something a particular flavour or increase its flavour

medicinal

= used for treating medical problems

preservative

= conserving, preserving, protective #destructive

agent

= a chemical or substance that is used for a particular purpose or that has a particular effect

exclusive

= sole, limited #partial

importer

người nhập khẩu, hãng nhập khẩu

merchant

= wholesaler, trader, dealer

be based in sth

= to have your main place of work, business etc in a particular place

reveal /ri'vi:l/

= tell, expose, disclose #conceal

commodity

= product, goods

dominance of

= supremacy, domination, control, power, ascendency #weakness

reach /ri:t∫/

= arrive, go, move

exploit

= use, utilize, make use of, take advantage of

precious /pre∫əs/

= valuable, treasurable, priceless #worthless resource= source, reserve, supply

be in danger of (doing) sth

= risk, threat, hazard, endangerment #safety

subcontract sth to sb

= if a company subcontracts work, they pay other people to do part of their work for them

distribution

= supply, spreading, delivery

trader

= dealer, merchant, seller

flow into sth

= run, pour, flood

commercial

= business-related, for-profit #charitable

fleet

= a group of ships, or all the ships in a navy

swiftly

= quickly, speedily, rapidly #slowly

fall under

= to be influenced or affected by (something)

lock sb out of sth

= to prevent a person or organization from having or being able to take part in something

soar

= climb, rocket, rise, increase, #decrease, drop, plumme

fight back

= to work hard to achieve or oppose something, especially in a situation where you are losing

found

= start, create, establish, set up #close

corporation

= company, business, firm, organization

plague

= disease, epidemic, pandemic, illness

contagious /kən'teidʒəs/

= transmissible, transmittable, infectious

desperate

= anxious, worried, frantic, hopeless #calm

spread

= if something spreads or is spread, it becomes larger or moves so that it affects more people or a larger area

cure

= treatment, therapy, medication

spare no expense to do sth

= to spend as much money or do everything necessary to make something really good or successful

insist on

= require, enforce, oblige

troop

= crowd, flock, group

unprotected

= defenseless, inseure, vulnerable

invader

= attacker, assailant, intruder

take over

= take control, take charge, come to power

guarded

= secured, protected, watched

uproot

= deracinate, pull up, dig up #plant

plantation

= farm, agricultural estate, cultivated area

catch sb doing sth

= to see someone doing something that they did not want you to know they were doing

seedling

= sprout, sapling, plantlet

proper

= appropriate, suitable, apt.

authority

= permission, license, mandate

fertile

= able to produce babies, young animals, or new plants #infertile

obstacle

= problem, difficulty, hindrance

domination

= power, control, authority, supremacy, government

intent on

= to be determined to do something or achieve something

in turn

= as a result of something

distant

= remote, far, isolated #near

smuggle

= to take something or someone illegally from one country to another

off the coast

= the area where the land meets the sea

thrive

= flourish, grow well #fail

eruption

= outbreak, explosion, emission

wipe out

= destroy, eradicate, devastate, remove #protect

grove

= plantation, copse, a piece of land with trees

growing on it seize

= capture, conquer, take control of, take

over by force

= violent physical action used to get what you want

transplant

= relocate, resettle, uproot