Key Concepts in Astronomy and Political Philosophy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Galileo Galilei's contributions to astronomy, the principle of absolutism, social contract theory, natural laws, and the separation of powers in political philosophy.

What did Galileo Galilei contribute to the understanding of the Solar System?

He proved Copernicus' theory that the sun is at the center of the Solar System.

What shape did Ketter discover planets revolve in?

Elliptical, or oval/egg-shaped.

What is absolutism?

A form of government that allows one person to hold all the power.

What is the social contract?

A mutual agreement where individuals give up some freedoms to a government in exchange for protection and order.

What are natural laws?

A system of rights or justice considered to be common to all humans regardless of societal rules.

What is the principle of the separation of powers?

The division of authority into distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches.