English all rhetorical devices and literary devices

Card Stacking

Showing only facts that support one side while hiding opposing information.

Glittering Generality

Using vague, positive words to make an idea sound good without evidence.

Name Calling

Using negative labels to discredit a person or idea.

Bandwagon

Claiming everyone agrees to pressure others to join.

Transfer

Associating an idea with positive or negative symbols or images.

Testimonial

Using a famous or authoritative person to endorse an idea.

Plain Folks

Presenting ideas as supported by regular, everyday people.

Fear

Threatening negative consequences if the audience does not comply.

Allusion

Referencing a well-known person, event, or idea to strengthen an argument.

Analogy

Explaining an idea by comparing it to something familiar.

Call to Action

Urging the audience to take a specific step.

Compare / Contrast

Highlighting similarities and differences to persuade.

Anecdote (Personal Anecdote)

A short personal story used to connect or persuade.

Credibility (Expert Opinion)

Using experts or trusted sources to support claims.

Euphemism

Using softer language to downplay harsh realities.

Facts / Figures (Data / Statistics)

Using numerical or factual evidence to support an argument.

Loaded Words (Charged Language)

Emotionally powerful words meant to influence opinions.

Logic (Logical Fallacy)

Reasoning used in an argument; fallacies weaken credibility.

Parallelism

Repeating sentence structure to emphasize ideas.

Quotations

Using direct words from a source as evidence.

Rebuttal / Counterargument

Addressing and refuting opposing viewpoints.

Repetition (Anaphora)

Repeating words or phrases for emphasis.

Rhetorical Questions

Questions asked to make a point rather than get answers.

Ethos

Appeal based on credibility and trust.

Logos

Appeal based on logic and reasoning.

Pathos

Appeal based on emotion.