THEOLOGY III : FALL FINAL 2025

Sacrament

outward, visible signs instituted by Christ to give grace, which is an invisible gift from God

(Divine) Revelation

God's self disclosure; God tells us things we don't know

Sacred Scripture

written transmission of Divine Revelation

Sacred Tradition

oral transmission of Divine Revelation

Judiazers

people who believed you had to be Jewish to be Christian

Gnosticism

A heresy from the first Christian centuries that taught that Jesus shared secret information or knowledge with only a few people who were guaranteed Salvation. Gnosticism comes from gnosis, the Greek word for "knowledge." Gnosticism also distrusted material creation, teaching that the human body was evil

Arianism

belief that denies that Jesus is truly God, opposite of Gnosticism, rejects the notion of the trinity, against Athanatius

Magisterium

teaching office of the church, made up of the bishops in Rome and all the bishops in union with him

Ecumenical Council

meeting of all the bishops in the world, including the pope

Apostolic Succession

The bishops are the successors of the apostles, unbroken line from Peter to Francis

Deposit of Faith

contains everything Jesus said and did, contains the content of Divine Revelation

Typology

events in the Old Testament point to what's in the New Testament. Events in the New Testament help us understand what's in the Old Testament

Christocentric

christ is the center of revelation and history

Theophanies

manifestation of God in a tangible form; when God appears in a way we can feel with our senses

Covenant

an oath made before God that establishes a family. kinship by covenant. a promise made between God and his people

Todah

thanks in Hebrew. the todah offering is an offering where people thank God with bread and songs.

Passover

God tells the Israelites to put blood on their doorsteps and eat unleavened bread. If they do this, God will "pass over" their 1st born son.

Liturgy

the church's official, public, communal prayer

Atonement

sacrificial offer of Jesus that makes us one with God

Paschal Mystery

the redemptive work of Christ, in his Passion, Death, Resurrection, and Ascension

Patronage

patron gives client grace, client has faith in the patron

Faith

belief with trust

Grace

indwelling presence of the Holy Trinity

Sanctifying Grace

grace that makes us holy, makes us apart of God

Actual Grace

grace that allows us to live the life of Christians, grounds us, connects us, helps with resisting temptation

Cruciform

cross

Ad Orientam

facing east

Altar

the table on which the Eucharist is offered

Tabernacle

a secure often ornate box where the consecrated Eucharist is reserved

Sacramentary

a liturgical book that contains the prayers and rites for the celebrant during the Eucharist and other sacraments, such as baptisms and ordinations

Lectionary

a pre

liturgical year

Crucifix

a representation of a cross with a figure of Jesus Christ on it

Icon

sacred image or painting used to store the host

Chalice

a sacred cup that holds the consecrated wine for the Eucharist of Holy Communion

Ciborium

a covered container related churches to store the consecrated hosts of the sacrament of Holy Communion

Paten

a shallow dish or plate used in the Eucharist to hold the bread (Host) for consecration and distribution

Advent

a 4 week period of reflection before Christmas

Christmas

The feast day on which Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus; also refers to the liturgical season that immediately follows Christmas Day (lasts for around 2 weeks).

Ordinary Time

The time in the liturgical year that is not part of a special season like Advent, Christmas, Lent, or Easter.

Lent

the span of forty days (excepting Sundays) between Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday. Lent is the season during which believers focus on conversion, turning toward God more completely in their lives. the season to prepare for Easter

Holy Triduum

_ days before easter, a three

Easter

The day on which Christians celebrate Jesus' resurrection from the dead

Pentecost

The fiftieth day following Easter, which commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit on the early Apostles and disciples (flame appears above apostles + Mary).

Sacred Chrism

Perfumed olive oil consecrated by the bishop that is used for anointing in the Sacraments of Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders.

Wisdom

the gift of knowing the right choices to make to live a holy life. The gift of wisdom helps you to avoid the things that could lead you away from God

Understanding

the gift of comprehension, or the ability to grasp the meaning of the teachings of the Church. The gift of understanding helps you be tolerant and sympathetic of others

Knowledge

he gift of knowing and enlightenment. The gift of knowledge enables you to choose the right path that will lead you to God. It encourages you to avoid obstacles that will keep you from him

Counsel

the gift of prudence. The gift of right judgment helps you make choices to live as a faithful follower of Jesus

Fortitude

is the gift that helps you stand up for your faith in Christ. The gift of courage helps you overcome any obstacles that would keep you from practicing your faith

Piety

is the gift of confidence in God. This gift of reverence inspires you to joyfully want to serve God and others

Fear of the Lord

is the gift of wonder and respect that encourages you to be in awe of God. The gift of wonder and awe moves you to so love God that you do not want to offend him by your words or actions

Transubstantiation

bread/wine

Confiteor

A term that means "I confess," it is used at the beginning of Mass during the introductory rite that cleanses us of venial sin. (through my fault, through my fault response)

Homily

a priest's sermon during the liturgy of the word

Credo

profession of faith said during Sunday Mass (ex. nicene creed, apostles creed, baptismal vows)

Anaphora

priest holds up host and repeats words of Jesus "take this all of you & drink from it …" bell is rung 2nd time w/ bread and 3rd w/ wine, where the miracle happens. part of liturgy of the eucharist.

Epiclesis

The calling down of the Holy Spirit. During Mass, as the priest extends his hands over the gifts of bread and wine, he calls down the Holy Spirit to change them into the Body and Blood of Jesus.

Anamnesis

the mystery of faith

Pater Noster

Latin for "Our Father" the first words of the Lord's prayer.

Sin

utterance, deed, or desire," caused by concupiscence, that offends God, reason, truth, and conscience. creates separation between us and God.

Original Sin

the fallen state all human beings experience because of the first sin of Adam and Eve

Actual Sin

A thought, word, deed, or omission contrary to God's eternal law. It is a human act that presumes (a) knowledge of wrongdoing, (b) awareness of malice in one's conduct, and (c) consent of the will. It damages a person's relationship with God.

Mortal Sin

sins that destroy our relationship with God

needs to be:

grave matter

have to have full knowledge (of committing a mortal sin)

fully and free willed

Venial Sin

sins that tarnish our relationship with God

Contrition

sorrow and repentance. an act of contrition is a prayer genre that expresses sorrow and regret for sinning

Penance

voluntary self

Absolution

forgiveness; pardon; release from mortal sin that a priest can grant you after confession

Ordination

Making someone a priest, bishop or deacon by the sacrament of holy orders

Cardinal

senior member of the clergy, appointed by the Pope, usually for life. papal elector, specific power is to vote for the Pope

Biblical Basis of Baptism

Mark 16:16

Matthew 28:19

20

John 3:1

6

Acts 2:38

39

1 Peter 3:18

22

Mark 16:16 (Baptism)

He who believes and is baptized will be saved; but he who does not believe will be condemned

Matthew 28:19

20 (Baptism)

sig: Jesus is telling the apostles how to baptise

John 3:1

6 (Baptism)

Acts 2:38

39 (Baptism)

sig: giving the possibility that children can be baptized

1 Peter 3:18

22 (Baptism)

sig: Peter is writing typologically, Peter is comparing baptism to Noah's Ark

Materials of Baptism:

1. Water

2. Sacred Chrism

Form:

1. Trinitarian Formula

2. body must make contact 3 times

Minister of Baptism:

1. Bishop

2. Priest

3. Deacon

4. Anyone with Intent

Recipient (needs to have for Baptism):