Maxillary Premolars

Bicuspid

No accurate, more accurate to use premolar instead of

8

There are __ premolars in human dentition

First Premolars

Mesial surface of first premolars comes in contact with distal surface of the canine

Second premolars

Distal surface of second premolar comes in contact with mesial surface of first molar

Facial surface

develops from three lobes

Lingual surface

One developmental lingual lobe

Mandibular second premolar

May have two lingual lobes

10-11

Maxillary First premolars __ years old

10-12

Mandibular First premolars ___ years old

10-12

Maxillary Second Premolars __ years old

11-12

Mandibular Second Premolars ___ years old

First premolars

Function with canine assist with shearing or

cutting food

First and second premolars

Function with molars, help to masticate & maintain vertical dimension

First premolars

Support the corners of the mouth Prevents cheeks from sagging

molars

Patients who have lost all the __ if have premolars present (4 to 8) still will be able to chew efficiently

buccal (facial) region

Class trait: Posterior premolars have __ surface, not labial surface

Posterior premolars

Class trait: __ have No incisal edge or cingulum

facial

Class trait: Posterior premolars have one __ cusp

lingual

Class trait: Posterior premolars have One or two ___ cusps

vertical

Class trait: Anterior teeth have __ marginal ridges

proximal

Class trait: anterior teeth viewed from __

horizontal

Class trait: anterior teeth Marginal ridges are oriented in a __ plane

Mandibular first premolar

The __ not as horizontal

pentagonal

Facially All premolars have a _ shape

taper

Crown is broadest at level of contact areas and __

to cervical.

cervical third

Crown is narrower in the __.

mesial

Buccal cusp tip often slightly __ to long axis

shorter

Mesial cusp slope __ than the distal

Maxillary first premolar

___ cusp tip slightly to the distal

four

All premolars have __ cusp ridges

~110°

The maxillary first premolars Mesial and distal slopes meet at nearly right angles (__)

wider

Coronal tooth dimensions considerably __ faciolingual than mesiodistal

mandibular second premolars

The exception to coronal tooth dimension (wider faciolingual than mesiodistal) is the ___ w/ 3 cusp version

symmetrical

The second premolar is typically more __ and less angular

First premolars

Have narrower lingual surface than buccal

Second premolars

Only slight lingual taper

Maxillary first premolars

Widest of the eight

Longer crown than second premolar crown

Maxillary first premolars

Buccal cusp is relatively long & sharp

Mandibular second premolars

__ with two lingual cusp

Maxillary second premolars

Buccal cusp tip not as pointed

~130°

Maxillary second premolars Mesial and distal slopes more obtuse (__)

distal

Maxillary first premolar has a cusp tip slightly

to the __ of the mid-tooth line.

Mesial

Maxillary first premolars __ cusp ridge longer than the distal cusp ridge.

Can help to identify right premolar from left.

Mesial

Maxillary second premolar has a cusp tip slightly

to the __ of the mid-tooth line.

distal

Maxillary second premolars __ cusp ridge is longer than the mesial cusp ridge (flipped from first)

buccal

First premolars have Prominent __ ridge

Mesial

First premolars have ___ depression next to buccal ridge.

distal

First premolars Rarely find a __ depression

Buccal

Second premolars __ ridge less prominent

Distal buccal

Second premolars ___ ridge depression most common

middle third

Height of contour: Lingual located in the __ of the crown

junction of the middle and cervical thirds

Height of contour: Buccal located more cervical at the __

Mesial

__ contact is in the middle third Near junction of the middle & occlusal thirds

Distal

__ contact is In middle third

Is more cervical than mesial

distally

Contact areas are more cervical as we move __ in the arch

buccally, smaller

In maxillary first premolars The mesial contact is more __ placed and __ in size than the distal contact

groove

Mesial marginal ridge of maxillary first premolar crossed by __

distal marginal ridge

On maxillary first premolar, the groove is Less frequently seen on __ groove.

second premolars

Mesial and distal groove on __ is much less frequently

extends

On maxillary first premolars, Mesial ridge groove _ to mesial surface

mesial concavity

Maxillary first premolar crowns have a prominent

__ cervical to the contact area

two

The maxillary first premolars has __ divided roots, bifurcation with buccal & lingual branching from a common trunk.

lingual

Can occasionally see the __ root tip from buccal

on first premolars

longer

On the second premolar, Root is __ on

average than the first premolar root

highest

On the second premolar, the root to crown ratio Is __ for any maxillary Tooth

root depressions

Maxillary first premolar has a prominent __

both medially & distally.

Distal

On maxillary first premolar, __ root depression starts more apically.

Mesial

On maxillary first premolar, __ root depression deeper than distal.

continuous

On maxillary first premolar, Mesial root depression in __ with crown depression

root depression

Secondary Premolars have a mesial and distal __

distal

Secondary premolar have root depressions Usually more prominent on the __

central

Premolars Possess a __ developmental groove

longer

Maxillary 1st premolar central groove __ than second premolar

closer

Mesial & distal pits are __ to the marginal ridges on first premolars.

supplemental grooves

There are more ___ on maxillary second premolar

Buccal cusp tip

Black

Lingual cusp tip

Brown

Distal triangular fossa and pit

Blue

mesial cusp slope

Pink

Mesiobuccal fossa groove

Red

Central developmental groove

Purple

Mesial triangular fossa and pit

Yellow

Mesial marginal ridge and groove

Green

Buccal ridge

Black

Distal cusp slope

Purple

Distobuccal fossa groove

Blue

Distal marginal ridge

Green

Triangular ridge

Red

Transverse ridge

Yellow