Exploring Diversity of Matter by Its Physical Properties

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the physical properties and classification of materials, measurement techniques, and density, according to the provided lecture notes.

What are the steps for classifying materials?

1. Look for similarities or differences; 2. Place objects with similar characteristics in a group; 3. Name the group.

What is a physical property?

A physical property is a quantity that can be measured and observed using our senses.

What is the melting point of pure ice?

0 °C.

What are the physical properties of metals?

Metals are strong, hard, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

What is the S.I. unit for mass?

Kilogram (kg).

How is density calculated?

Density = Mass / Volume.

What is the S.I. unit for density?

Kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m³).

What property allows plastics to be bent without breaking?

Flexibility.

What is the boiling point of pure water?

100 °C.

What instruments are used to measure length?

Measuring tape, metre rule, digital calipers.

What indicates that a material is a good electrical conductor?

It allows electricity to pass through easily.

What happens to an object with lower density in a liquid?

It floats.

What is the relationship between mass and weight?

Mass is the amount of substance in an object; weight is mass affected by gravitational force.

What physical property does a material need to have to be used for a light bulb filament?

High melting point and good electrical conductivity.

How can the volume of an irregular object be determined?

By water displacement method.

What makes ceramics strong but brittle?

Ceramics have a high resistance to wear but crack under sudden force.

What are some characteristics of fibres?

Flexible, can be spun into thread, and are poor conductors of electricity and heat.

How does temperature affect melting and boiling points?

Pure substances have fixed melting and boiling points regardless of the quantity.

What is the importance of classification of materials?

To locate objects easily and to be more systematic and organized.