Federal Government Exam 1

Politics definition

"who gets what, when, and how"

Harold Lasswell

Founder of the field of political psychology

Definition of Government

The process in which public policy is determined, the machinery for carrying out that policy.

Confederation

an alliance of independent states that form a central government with limited powers, primarily to address common concerns like defense and foreign policy, while retaining most sovereignty

What delegated powers are twice

Powers that are specifically mentioned in the Constitution. Our system operates under the theory of limited government

McCulloh vs maryland

YES CONSTITUTIONAL. affirmed the U.S. Congress's implied powers to create a national bank. established the principle of federal supremacy, ruling that states cannot tax or interfere with legitimate federal government operations

Eminent domain

In the 5th amendment in the US constitution ANd the Texas constitution. The government can take your land as long as they pay you for it. “Nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation”

2 types of democracy.

Direct Democracy: A government in which people vote to make their own rules and laws. Representative Democracy (Republic): A government in which the people vote for (elect) a smaller group of citizens who make the rules and laws for everyone

Blockgrant

The state government has freedom to spend money on whatever. sum of money given by the federal government to state or local governments

Dual federalism

“Layer cake federalism”. power is clearly divided between the national government and the state governments.

Purpose of the constitutional convention - Revise article??

to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, which created an ineffective central government, by amending them

Divine right theory

God chose certain people to rule over their fellow man. Had a direct connection with God. Power was absolute

Resulting powers are

a type of political authority that arises from a combination of delegated powers

1st amendment

Freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion

4th amendment

Search warrants

Who wrote the federalist papers

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay

Who wrote the declaration of independence

Thomas Jefferson (Influence byJOHN LOCKE)

Father of the constitution

James Madison

Major features of articles of confederation

Unicameral legislature - Each state got one vote because they were all independent countries To pass laws, a vote of 9 of 13 states (super majority) - Amend, 13 of 13

Necessary and proper clause

Article 1 section 8 The Congress shall have Power... To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers

New jersey plan

Unicameral Legislature Each State got one vote 3 Branches of Government More power to National Government

Virginia plan

Byproduct of scrapping articles, Bicameral Legislature, Lower House - Representation based on population, Elected by the people , Upper House - Representation based on population, Nominated by state legislatures, Selected by lower house, Favors Large States

⅗ compromise

Enslaved people count as ⅗ of a person for representation and tax purpose Banned the importation of enslaved people after 1808

How many states did it take to ratify the new constitution 1787

9 out of 13

Inherent power

Powers possessed by the government just because it is a nation among nations - Ex: Grant citizenship, make treaties, immigration control

Separation of powers

Legislative: makes laws Executive: carries out laws Judicial: evaluates laws (court)

Marbury v madison

Supreme Court creates the power of “judicial review” allowing the Court to declare laws and actions of the executive and legislative branches unconstitutional if they conflict with the Constitution. Marbury sued Secretary of State James Madison for failing to deliver his judicial commission

What requires to amend the constitution

⅔ of the House and ⅔ of the Senate must propose ¾ of the states have to ratify (38) President has no role Time limits

Definition of federalism

a system of government that divides power between a central, national government and smaller regional or state governments

How many Amendments

27