Teori Personaliti Abraham Maslow dan Hirarki Keperluan

Abraham Maslow

Founder of humanistic psychology movement.

Humanistic Theory

Focuses on individual potential and personal growth.

Critique of Behaviorism

Challenges behaviorism's neglect of human nature.

Critique of Psychoanalysis

Opposes Freud's focus on abnormal cases.

Optimistic View

Belief in human potential and creativity.

Self-Actualization

Realizing one's full potential and capabilities.

Hierarchy of Needs

Five-tier model of human needs motivation.

Physiological Needs

Basic biological requirements for survival.

Safety Needs

Desire for security and stability in life.

Love and Belonging Needs

Need for relationships and social connections.

Esteem Needs

Desire for respect, status, and self-esteem.

Self-Actualization Needs

Pursuit of personal growth and fulfillment.

Instinctoid Needs

Innate needs influenced by culture and learning.

Deficiency Needs

Basic needs essential for survival and well-being.

Growth Needs

Higher-level needs that promote personal development.

Childhood Experiences

Early experiences shape future personality development.

Cognitive Needs

Desire to know and understand the world.

Characteristics of Self-Actualized Individuals

Traits include acceptance, spontaneity, and problem focus.

Independent Individuals

Self-sufficient and autonomous in their actions.

Democratic Personality

Tolerance and acceptance of others' differences.

Interpersonal Relationships

Meaningful connections with others are essential.

Motivation Ladder

Hierarchy shows prioritization of human needs.

Crisis from Unmet Needs

Failure to meet basic needs causes distress.

Maslow's View on Humanity

Humans can shape their societal lives.

Potential Development

Individuals can grow and fulfill their potential.

Early Childhood Needs

Structure and routine are crucial for children.

Emotional Health

Satisfaction of needs leads to emotional stability.