34: Deuterostomes

Phylum: Echinodermata

• sea stars, sea urchins

• Endoskeleton

• Pentaradial symmetry (5)

• Water vascular system: tube feet (movement, feeding, gas exchange

Phylum: Echinodermata, Class: Asteroidea

• sea stars, sea daisies

• Moves through water vascular system

Phylum: Echinodermata, Class: Crinoidea

Sea lillies, feather stars

Phylum: Echinodermata, Class: Holothuroidea

Sea cucumbers

Phylum: Echinodermata, Class: Echinodea

• sea urchins, send dollars

• No arms

• Protective moveable spines

Phylum: Echinodermata, Class: Ophiuroidea

• brittle seas

• Arms = diameter of entire length

• Automized arms (dropped)

Phylum: Chordata

• Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds

• endoskeleton: internal is similar to arthropod exoskeleton

• Features:

  • Nerve cord

  • Notochord (vertebral column)

  • Pharyngeal slits

  • Postanal tail

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Urochordate

• turnicates, scalps

• Larvae: notochord and nerve cord, tadpole like

• Adults: no postanal tail and notochord

  • Sessile, secretes tonic (cellulose sac)

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Cephalochordata

• notochord always present

• Cilia generated currents to eat plankton

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata

• vertebral column: encloses and protects the dorsal nerve cord

• Head: distinct and possessed sensory organs

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Class: Fish

features:

• vertebral column (NOT hagfish/lamprey)

• Jaws w/ paired appendages (NOT hagfish/lamprey)

• Internal gills

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Class: Chondrichthyes

• sharks, skates, rays

• Calcified cartilage skeleton

• Teeth and lateral line system: rough scales on mouth to teeth; sensory organ that detects pressure

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Class: reptilia

Features

• amniotic egg (water tight)

• Dry skin (prevents water loss)

• Thoracic breathing (increased lung capacity)

• Chordate features

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Order: Chelonia

• carapace: dorsal

• Plastron: ventral

• Lack teeth, sharp beaks

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Order: Squamata

• paired dicks

• Snakes: lack limbs, moveable eyelids, external ears

• Lizards: regenerative tails, autonomy

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Order: Crocodylia

Crocs

• nocturnal

• Tropical and subtropics

• Ectothermic

Gators

• 2 types

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Class: Mammalia

traits

• hair: camo, insulation, sensory

• Mammary glands: female only, milk

• Specialized teeth

• Digestion of plants: mutualism (bacteria to break down cellulose)

• Horns/Hooves: keratin pads (hoof), bone surround keratin (horn)

• Flight: bats ONLY

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Subclass: Prototheria

• primitive

• Lay eggs: monotremes

• Platypus

Phylum: Chordata, Subphyla: Vertebrata, Subclass: Thera

• vivaparous: live birth

• Marusupials or pouched animals