narrative voice

third person omniscient

an all-knowing narrator that is aware of everything about the story and its characters including their thoughts and emotions

third person intrusive

where the voice of the narrator breaks through and directly adresses the reader

first person

recounts their own events and inner thoughts as they experience them - unreliable or naive?

free indirect discourse

when a 3rd person narrator adopts the thoughts & perception of the character

stream of consciousness

a narrative style where we seem to be inside the characters head so thoughts and ideas seem fragmented

framed narrative

a story within a story

epistolary form

the story is told through letters or diaries

free direct speech

lacks reporting clauses as the accompanying explanation from the narrator is omitted

indirect speech

the exact words spoken are not quoted