265 Final Exra content Bandaging and physical therapy

What can banadage material do if its too tight

Cause tourniquet effect

What does porous bandage material allow?

Air can pass through

What does water tight bandaging material prevent?

Nothing can flow in or out

Whats an example of water tight bandage material?

Duct tape

What are common bandage materials?

Vetwrap/coflex

Pound rolls of cotton

Roll gauze

elastikson

cast padding

Vetwrap/coflex should never be applied without?

Padding underneath

What does vetwrap/coflex do without padding underneath?

Pressure wrap, tourniquit

What kind of tertiary bandage layer is this?

Gauze roll

What kind of tertiary bandage layer is this?

Conforming stretch bandage

What kind of tertiary bandage layer is this?

Surgical adhesive tape

What kind of stretch does Gauze roll have?

No stretch

When can a gauze roll cause consriction?

If swelling had not reached peak when applied

What would cause a qauze roll to loosen?

Swelling reduces

What does a gauze roll tend to do at joints

Buckle at joints

What kind of stretch does Conforming stretch bandage have?

Mild two way stretch

What is the common brand name for conforming stretch bandage?

Kling

What are the three types of surgical adhesive tape?

• Porous

• Waterproof

• Stretch

• Self adhesive tape

What are kinds of orthopedic products?

Stockinet, cotton batting, cast padding & materials

What is physical therapy?

Treatment of disease or injury by physical agents such as: massage, exereize, water, heat or cold

Why would a patient use physical therapy?

Helps healing, prevent disabiliy and restores normal function and rehabilitation

When should a patient use physical therapy?

Bone injury and disease, arthritis, paralysis and decubital ulcers

Therapy is only as good as ____ ______ __

Therapist applying it

What are the four main types of therapy?

1. Massage therapy

2. Exercise therapy

3. Water therapy

4. Cold/hot Therapy

What is the objective of massage therapy

Increase blood and lymph flow through massage which eliminates wastes and flow of nutrients into the site

• decreases the formulation of strictures and adhesions

What materials can you use for massage therapy

Mineral oil, cold cream, olive oil, baby powder, petroleum jelly

Why are different liquid based substances used during massage therapy?

To reduce friction

soften skin and or scar tissue

When should you not use liquid based substances in massage therapy?

Open wound or fresh incision

When is massage therapy used?

When animal has

• tight contractioned tendons, ligaments and muscles

• Chronic or acute trauma zones or inflammatory conditions

• peripheral nerve injury

• scar tissue and chronic edema

When would you NOT use massage therapy?

• Advanced skin disease

• Inflammatory processes of soft tissue, joints, fractures & sprains

• Friable and rotted tissue

• within the first couple days of injury during inflammatory phase

What are the three types of massage?

1. Effleurage

2. Foulage

3. Friction

What is this type of massage in massage therapy?

Gentle, calm, quiet

starts on periphery and works towards center

Light strokes 15 strokes/min

Heavy strokes at 5 strokes/min

Should always start with this for 10 minutes prio to mooving deeper

Warming up massage

EX: Power petting

Effleurage

What kind of massage therapy is this?

Kneading, compression and percussion is used on muscle groups

enhances circulation and stretches muscles, tendons or adhesions

Done from side to side, gently

Utilizes thumbs and elbows

Foulage

What kind of massage in massage therapy is this?

Makes the muscle fight back

The skin is moved over the tissue in small, circular rhythmic motions

aids in the absorbtion of local effusion and loosens scar tissue adhesions

Friction

What type of therapy does this describe?

Use: to strengthen, improve or maintain muscoskeletal function

improve balance, sabiliy, coordination and cardiovascular function

Increases endurance and range of motion in limbs

Asking them to move in nromal function but elevate heart rate

Exercise therapy

What are two types of exercise therapy?

1. Passive

2. Active

Who is passive exercise therapy used on?

Used on paralyzed, weak or patient with fractures

What is done during passive exercise therapy?

Each joint is put through normal range of motion 5-10 times

How long do passive exercise therapy treaments last?

10 minutes

What do you never do in passive exercise therapy?

Move limg past normal extention

What does passive exercise therapy prevent in a patient?

Tissue atrophy

What kind of exercise therapy is utilized when patient can do voluntary muscle contractions?

Active

What are two versions of active exercise therapy?

1. Walking (may need support, cart, towels treadmill)

2. Swimming, used in last phase of rehab (forces animal to move constantly)

What kind of physical therapy does this describe?

For animal with locomotor difficulties (fractures adhesions, dislocations, amputations, skin disease)

provides support and can provide heat

cleans and debrides damaged tissue and softens scar tissue

good for joints and arthritis

Water therapy

What are two different ways you can apply water therapy?

1. Swimming

2. Spraying with water

What is the ideal temperature of the water for water therapy for active patients?

65-75 F

What is the ideal temperature of the water for water therapy for inactive patients?

96-104 F

How long should you perform water therapy?

20 minutes-30 minutes (can depend on temp)

What are some precautions for water therapy?

• FEAR factor

• Infections (may add povidone iodine to water to prevent)

• slipping, bottom may need nonstick surface

• jets should always be pointed AWAY from patient

What are some contraindications for water therapy?

• Acute injuries, inflammation or recent surgery

• fever

• cardiac or respiratory disorders

What physical therapy is described?

• Used to decrease tissue temperature, reduce pain and muscle spasms

• causes mild analgesia

• localized vasoconstriction, which decreases edema

• applied only during the first 72 hours of injury to have greatest effect

Cold therapy

What are contradictions to cold therapy?

Not to be used over areas with decreased sensory sensation

What is the timing for cold therapy?

10-15 minutes — rest — 10-15 minutes —- rest

How many times should you do cold therapy in a day?

3 times

What are three things you can use for cold therapy?

1. Commercial cold packs

2. Ice bag

3. Cold water immersion

Commerical cold packs for cold therapy

Reusable

Can fit around joints

from shipping companies (not pliable; flexable moveable)

what is used for Ice bags for cold therapy?

Leakproof ziplock or manufactured ice bag

What do you need to do for Ice bags for cold therapy?

Always wrap in towel prior to placement on skin

How can you make your own ice bag for cold therapy?

2 parts alcohol, 1 part water in bag and freeze

What is cold water immersion used for in cold therapy?

to combat fevers, trea burns and rehab muscle/ligament/tendon

What part of the body should cold water immersion be used on?

On affected limb on body part

What physical therapy does this describe?

increase tissue temp which causes analgesia and some sedation

Promotes healing through increase of circulation

relaxes muscle spasms

When is heat therapy used?

72 hours post injury and can be rotated with heat therapy

What are contradictions to heat therapy?

• Impaired circulation or pressure

• non inflammatory edema

• not over areas of decreases sensory sensation

What are the two types of radiant heat therapy

1. Long wave

2. Short wave

What can you use for long wave heat therapy source?

Hot water bottles or towels or heating pads

How far do long wave heat sources penetrate into tissue?

2 mm

What do you use for short wave heat source?

Generators

How deep into the tissue do short wave heat sources penetrate?

5-10 mm

What is the ray length based on for short wave heat source?

patient size

What kind of short wave heat therapy would you used on sports related injuries?

ultrasound

What does short wave heat source help reduce?

Microbes (bacteria)