MAC- Zimbabwe

Where is Zimababwe located?

South-East Africa

What is the population of Zimbabwe?

15.5 million

What are Zimbabwe’s languages?

Shona, Nbede

Why is Agriculture important?

Agriculture is important and mining and collecting tobacco and cotton is how they trade to get the crops they need

What is Great Zimababwe?

They are stone ruins

What nation colonized Zimbabwe and Zambia, who led them?

The British through the British South Africa Company colonized led by Cecil Rhodes

What were Zimbabwe and Zambia named when colonized?

Rhodesia

Why did Zimbabwe want independance from Britain? When did they gain independence?

They had a strong desire for independence from Britain to preserve their culture

Became an Independent country: April 18th, 1980

What is the spiritual ceremony performed when a loved one passes away?

Bira Ceremonies

What is belived to happen during Bira Ceremonies?

the spirit of the deceased is “released” into the world for one year, and after a year, the special beer is poured onto the head of a bull, when the bull shakes its head, it is an indication that the ancestor is welcomed back into the family as a guide or protector

What aspects are specific to Bira Ceremonies?

repetitive call and response sections

cyclical music

Ullulalating

cyclical music

no begining or end to the music

Ullulalating

high-pitched sound to express celebrations such as ancestral ceremonies or weddings (performed by an older female as a sign of respect.)

What intruments are used in Bira Ceremonies?

mbira, ngoma drums, hosho

What is the intrument made from a small gourd that has been hollowed out, dried, and filled with seeds (idiophone-shaker)?

Hosho

What intrument is a wooden finger piano with rattles and metal “teeth” (Idiophone-plucked to play)?

mbira

What is the intrument used to amplify the sound of the mbira?

Deze

What intrument is made from a hollowed-out log and animal hide stretched out on top (Membranophone drum)?

Ngoma Drums

What is the Spiritual piece of music called?

Shona

Aspects of Shona(intruments, when used, purpose)

mbira, ngoma drums, hosho

Used in bira ceremonies and accompanied by dance

Celebratory

What is the Integrity piece of music called?

Sungura

Aspects of Sungura

-Zimbabwean pop music

-uses modern Western instruments, guitar, drums, piano, etc

-created in 1953 during the identity crisis to represent hope and stability

What is the type of music used as work songs piece of music called?

Imbube

Aspects of Imbube

-many bantu coal miners (men)

-sung as they worked, acapella style and upbeat

What is the type of music used as Entertainment piece of music called?

Jit

Aspects of Jit

-Uses tanzanian guitar, Congolese rhumba and chimurenga 

-mbira guitar

-face paced and used for dance, sycopated pulsing rhythm

What is the type of music used as Social and Political piece of music called?

Chimurenga

Aspects of Chimurenga

-Translates to “struggle”

-uses traditional Mbira with electric instruments 

-used for liberation/activism and drawing awareness to corruption and social issues 

What is the Essential Question?

How do people from Zimbabwe make music meaningful and in their lives and culture?