DNA Translation

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Protein synthesis

this is the process used by the body to make proteins

Translation

It involves decoding a mRNA and using it's information to build a polypeptide

Polypeptide

a protein in a mRNA, or a chain of amino acids

Codons

groups of three nucleotides

61

How many different codons are there?

20

how many amino acids can codons encode

3

how many "stop" codons are there

AUG

this is the start codon

Methionine

what amino acid is AUG

Genetic code

The MRNA relationship between codons and amino acids

mRNA, tRNA. ribosomes, and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases

what are the key components required for translation?

mRNA

it acts as a template during translation

Ribosome

it provides the enzymes needed for peptide bond formation

Transfer RNA

This is a single strand of RNA composed of approximately 80 ribonucleotides

80 ribonucleotides

what is tRNA composed of

Anticodon

a ribonucleotide triplet that is complementary to an mRNA codon.

tRNA

it carries a specific amino acid.

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (tRNA ligase)

These are enzymes that link each amino acid to their corresponding tRNA

peptide bond

what links two amino acids together

terminator proteins

these proteins bind to the ribosome and trigger the release of the newly synthesized polypeptide chain

Protein synthesis

this is the process used by the body to make proteins