Pearson Chi-Square in Nursing Research

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to Pearson Chi-Square tests and their application in nursing research, focusing on definitions and concepts essential for understanding statistical analysis.

Pearson Chi-Square

An inferential statistical test used to examine differences among groups with categorical variables.

Contingency Table

A table used to display the relationship between two or more categorical variables.

Nominal Level

A type of measurement where data can be categorized but not ranked.

Degrees of Freedom (df)

A statistical term that specifies the number of values in a calculation that are free to vary.

Categorical Variables

Variables that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of possible values.

Mutually Exclusive Categories

Categories that cannot overlap; each participant fits into only one category.

Observed Frequency

The actual count or measurement obtained from an experiment or observation.

Expected Frequency

The theoretical count that would be expected if the null hypothesis were true.

Chi-Square Statistic Formula

A formula used to calculate the chi-square value based on observed and expected frequencies.

Significant Difference

A statistically significant result implies that the observed differences are unlikely due to chance.

Critical Value

A threshold used to determine the significance of a test result; it depends on the significance level (alpha).

Two-way Chi-Square

A chi-square test that involves a 2x2 contingency table.

Fisher Exact Test

A statistical test used for small sample sizes to determine if there are nonrandom associations between two categorical variables.

Patient Satisfaction Study

Research exploring the differences in satisfaction between inpatient and outpatient care.

Medication Adherence

The degree to which a patient correctly follows prescribed medication regimens.

Influenza Vaccine Study

Research examining the relationship between influenza vaccination and COVID-19 test results.

Hand Calculation Example

A manual process to compute chi-square statistics using collected data.

Exercise Frequency Categories

Levels of physical activity classified as low, medium, or high.

Statistically Significant Result

A result that indicates the likelihood that the observed effect is not due to chance.

Significance Level (α)

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, commonly set at 0.05.

Nursing Research Examples

Practical applications of chi-square tests in studies related to healthcare and patient outcomes.

Chi-Square Distribution Table

A table used to find critical values needed to assess the significance of chi-square results.

Data Collection Validity

The degree to which data accurately represents the variable it is intended to measure.

Statistical Analysis Method

The approach used to analyze data and draw conclusions based on statistical tests.

Categorical Data

Data that can be categorized into groups but not quantified in a meaningful way.

Sample Size Impact

The effect of different sizes of data samples on the reliability of statistical tests.

Statistical Test Selection

Choosing the appropriate analysis method based on data characteristics and research questions.